Ferrets in veterinary practice

Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) show up with increasing frequency in veterinary practice. Originally domesticated for hunting of rodents and rabbits, they became very popular pets which require legal permission though and the further fulfillment of various husbandry needs. Ferrets have to be maintained on a high protein diet which in practice is often done with commercial feline products. Physical examination is similar to dogs and cats whereas the frequent occurrence of non-specific symptoms require further diagnostic investigation including blood sampling, radiology, ultrasound or exploratory laparatomy. The preferred anaesthetic method is the direct face mask induction and maintenance using isoflurane without pr?medication. Special attention of veterinarians has to be paid to canine distemper vaccination, the specialized reproduction physiology of the females (jills) which can develop, if unmated, a persistent oestrus with fatal consequences of hyperestrogenism, as well as the frequent occurrence of further endocrine disorders, congestive cardiomyopathy and gastrointestinal diseases.