Inheritance of fruit yield in two watermelon populations in North Carolina |
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Authors: | Rakesh Kumar Todd C Wehner |
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Institution: | (1) Syngenta Seeds, 21435 County Road 98, Woodland, CA 95695, USA;(2) Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609, USA |
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Abstract: | Elite cultivars of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) are high in fruit quality but may not be the highest yielders. The objective of this study was
to estimate the heritability of, and genotypic and phenotypic correlations among, yield traits in two watermelon populations
developed from crosses between obsolete cultivars with high yield and elite modern cultivars. Field trials were conducted
at two locations in North Carolina (Clinton and Kinston). The data were analyzed by regressing S0:1 progeny data on S0 parent data to estimate narrow-sense heritability. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were low for all traits measured total
fruit weight (0.04–0.12), marketable fruit weight (0.06–0.15), total fruit number (0.04–0.16), fruit size (0.18–0.19), and
percent culls (0.02–0.09) in North Carolina Watermelon 1 (NCWP1) and North Carolina Watermelon 2 (NCWP2) populations, respectively].
Estimates of broad-sense heritability were higher than estimates of narrow-sense heritability. Total fruit weight and marketable
fruit weight were highly correlated (r
g = 0.97–1.00). Marketable fruit weight and fruit size used as single selection criteria in NCWP1 and total fruit number in
NCWP2, were predicted to give the best correlated response for total fruit weight. Narrow-sense heritability was low for fruit
yield; therefore, watermelon breeders should select based on replicated progeny rows in multiple environments to maximize
gain. |
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Keywords: | |
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