淮北地区小麦干热风发生规律及防御对策 |
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引用本文: | 戚尚恩,杨太明,孙有丰,李德,孙义. 淮北地区小麦干热风发生规律及防御对策[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2012, 40(1): 401-404 |
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作者姓名: | 戚尚恩 杨太明 孙有丰 李德 孙义 |
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作者单位: | 1. 安徽省宿州农业气象试验站,安徽宿州,234000 2. 安徽省气象科学研究所,安徽合肥,230031 |
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基金项目: | 公益性行业(气象)专项 |
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摘 要: | 通过对宿州市1957~2010年近54年的气象资料统计,得到小麦干热风的发生日数,并对其进行周期性分析、多年滑动平均分析和干热风对小麦千粒重及灌浆速度影响的相关分析。结果发现,淮北地区小麦干热风呈南少北多态势;重干热风天气过程及轻干热风年型变化周期较为明显,干热风日数呈总体减少趋势,干热风变化周期目前处于谷底,未来5~7年内似乎会呈现总体上升态势。小麦千粒重及灌浆速度与候干热风日数呈负相关关系,主要影响在5月下半月,且有逐候递减的趋势,而在第四、第五候影响最大;因此,淮北地区5月20日前后正值小麦乳熟期,对干热风最为敏感,是干热风防御的主要时段。
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关 键 词: | 小麦干热风 淮北地区 发生规律 防御对策 |
Occurrence Rules and Preventive Measures of Wheat Dry Hot Wind in Huaibei Area |
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Affiliation: | QI Shang-en et al(The Agrometeorological Experiment Station of Suzhou in Anhui Province,Suzhou,Anhui 234000) |
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Abstract: | According to the meteorological data of Suzhou from 1957 to 2010,the occurrence days of wheat dry hot wind were obtained,the periodic analysis,moving average analysis,correlation analysis of dry-hot-wind,1 000-grain weight and filling speed were conducted.The results showed that the dry hot wind days in Huaibei area presented the spatial distribution pattern of "less in south and more in north";the periodical of heavy dry hot wind weather process and light dry hot wind model changes in different years was different.The number of dry hot wind days presented an overall decreasing trend.The periodic changes of dry hot wind had bottomed out and showed a trend of escalation in next 5-7a.The 1 000-grain weight and filling speed had the remarkable inverse relation with the pentad dry-hot-wind day,it had a decreasing trend and produced major impact in the second half of May especially in 4th and 5th pentad of May;the most important period for preventing dry hot was around May 20,when wheat was at the milk stage and most sensitive to dry hot wind. |
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Keywords: | Wheat dry hot wind Huaibei area Occurrence rules Preventive measures |
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