根系分区交替滴灌对棉花产量和水分利用效率的影响

 为了探讨旱区农业节水新途径，在甘肃省石羊河流域下游荒漠绿洲区采用常规滴灌和分根区交替滴灌方式研究不同灌溉方式对大田棉花生长发育、产量、水分利用效率以及土壤水分分布的影响。结果表明，交替滴灌处理棉花叶片气孔开度减小，减少了奢侈的蒸腾损失，灌溉定额较小时根系分区交替滴灌对棉花的株高抑制作用较明显，灌水定额较大时限制作用不显著。根系分区交替滴灌技术在大田条件下可使籽棉产量比常规滴灌处理提高21.1%，总水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率分别提高17.9%和20.9%。同等产量水平下与常规滴灌相比，交替滴灌可节省30.8%的灌水量。本研究表明根系分区交替滴灌是一种切实可行的节水灌溉技术，可在干旱缺水的棉花生产地区进一步研究和推广应用。

Effect of Alternate Partial Root-Zone Drip Irrigation on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Cotton

Afield experiment was conducted in the oasis region of Shiyang River basin, Gansu Province to research the effect of alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation(ADI) and conventional drip irrigation(CDI) on soil water distribution, cotton growth, yield and water use efficiency(WUE). The results showed that ADI provided smaller stomata opening to reduce the useless luxury transpiration loss, the height of cotton under ADI was restricted under low irrigation level, but not significant under high level. Results showed that compared with CDI, seed cotton yield under ADI increased by 21.1% with total water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency being improved by 17.9% and 20.9%, respectively. Results also showed that seed cotton yield under ADI had no significant difference with 30.8% water being saved. It suggesteds that ADI is a practiced irrigation method which should be researched and applied in cotton producing of arid areas.