Spatial Variability of Soil Properties, Corn Quality and Yield in Two Illinois, USA Fields: Implications for Precision Corn Management |
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Authors: | Y Miao D J Mulla P C Robert |
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Institution: | (1) Precision Agriculture Center, Department of Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota, Borlaug Hall 439 , 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA |
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Abstract: | Better understanding of within-field spatial variability of crop quality parameters and yield are needed for precision management
of crops. This study was conducted to determine the magnitude of within-field variability in soil properties, corn (Zea mays L.) quality parameters and yield and to characterize their spatial structures. Another objective was to compare the effects
of hybrid on corn quality, yield, and the spatial structure of grain quality. Four Pioneer hybrids were planted side-by-side,
two in each of the two study fields in eastern Illinois, USA. Coefficients of variation (CV%) for soil properties varied from
6.3 (pH) to 56.8% (soil test P). All the soil properties (except pH at Site 2) displayed well-defined spatial structures,
with either strong or moderate spatial dependence. Variability in corn quality and yield (CVs < 10%) was smaller than variability
in soil properties. Most quality parameters examined at Site 1 exhibited either moderate or strong spatial dependence, except
that corn oil (both hybrids), kernel roundness and weight (hybrid 33Y18) did not show any spatial correlation. Hybrid 33G26
had significantly higher yield and quality for most quality parameters than 33Y18 at Site 1. At Site 2, hybrid 34W67 was significantly
lower in oil and protein content, length, roundness and vitreousness than 34K77, but higher in other quality parameters. Significant
differences in spatial structures were also observed across hybrids for some corn quality parameters. We conclude that hybrid
selection is an important strategy for precision management of corn for optimum yield and quality. |
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Keywords: | Corn quality Spatial variability Hybrid difference Geostatistical analysis Precision crop management |
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