典型草原三种蝗虫种群竞争关系的研究

为探讨典型草原优势蝗虫种内、种间竞争模式,以及栖境对蝗虫种间竞争的影响,设计田间罩笼及正交试验分析研究了内蒙古典型草原3种优势蝗虫-亚洲小车蝗(Oedaleus asiaticus)、毛足棒角蝗(Dasyhippus barbipes)和鼓翅皱膝蝗(Angaracris barabensis)的种群竞争关系。结果表明,亚洲小车蝗和毛足棒角蝗的种内竞争随着密度的增加而加大,并随着栖境食物量的减少而加大;鼓翅皱膝蝗由于栖境不适,种内竞争与密度没有相关性;混合种群正交试验结果显示,亚洲小车蝗有较强的种间竞争能力,而栖境对毛足棒角蝗竞争能力的影响较大。表明栖境和种群密度影响蝗虫群落动态。栖境适合时,亚洲小车蝗种间竞争力大于其他两种蝗虫。

Population competition among three dominant grasshoppers in the steppe

Intraspecific competition, interspecific competition and the effects of the habitat on interspecific competition between three dominant grasshoppers were investigated. In this study, cage and orthogonal tests were used to investigate the relationships between Oedaleus asiaticus, Dasyhippus barbipes and Angaracris barabensis in Inner Mongolian Steppe. The results indicated that the intraspecific competition between O. asiaticus and D. barbipes increased with the increase of their densities, but with the decrease of plant food. The intraspecific competition of A. barabensis did not correlate with its density because of the unsuitable habitat. The results of orthogonal tests indicated that O. asiaticus had strong interspecific competition ability, and the habitat had more significant effect on the competitive ability of D. barbipes. Habitat and population density could affect the community dynamics of grasshoppers. O. asiaticus had stronger interspecific competition ability than both D. barbipes and A. barabensis when the habitat was suitable.