城市不同利用区域绿地土壤酶活性特征--以上海市为例

选择上海市钢铁厂、造船厂、试剂厂、交通区和居民区5种城市绿地,分析了过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶和脱氢酶4种土壤酶活性并讨论了土壤理化性质和重金属含量对其活性的影响。结果表明:土壤酶活性受土壤理化性质和重金属含量影响;其中过氧化氢酶活性受土壤体积质量、pH、CEC和Cr的影响最大;碱性磷酸酶受有机质、水解性氮、Pb和Zn的影响最大;脱氢酶受CEC、pH、体积质量和水解性氮的影响较大;脲酶受水解性氮、CEC、pH和体积质量影响最大。土地利用方式不同土壤酶活性也不同:调查区域土壤中过氧化氢酶活性均较高,土壤碱性磷酸酶活性普遍较低,试剂厂和交通区土壤脲酶活性较高,交通区和试剂厂土壤脱氢酶活性最高。

Characters of Soil Enzyme Activities in Greenbelt Soils Under Different Use Patterns--A Case Study of Shanghai

Soil enzymes in Shanghai were tested in the typical green-belts soil of iron-steel factories, ship-building, chemical-reagent factories, traffic areas and residential quarter. Influences of catalase, alkaline phosphatase, urease and dehydrogenase were discussed on different heavy metals, physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the enzyme activities were affected by heavy metals, physical and chemical properties of soil; density, pH, CEC and Cr influenced mainly catalase activity. Organic matter, hydrolysis of N, Pb and Zn influenced mainly alkaline phosphatase. CEC, pH, density and hydrolysis of N influenced mainly dehydrogenase. Hydrolysis of N, CEC, pH and density influenced mainly urease. Catalase, alkaline phosphatase, urease and dehydrogenase activity were different in the different land-use types. Catalase activity was higher, but the alkaline phosphatase activity was lower in the survey areas; Urease activity was higher in reagent Factory and traffic areas; Dehydrogenase activity was higher in traffic areas and reagent Factory.