东海区发展水产资源增养殖的设想

东海区海岸线和岛屿岸线分别占全国的34%和49.1%,面积大于500m~2的岛屿共3481个,潍涂面积占全国的46.7%。港湾众多,总面积25507 km~2,0～20 m 水深的浅海面积64461 km~2,约占全国50%。东海区栖息了许多名特优的渔业资源,海洋生物具有相当的丰度和广度,水文环境稳定,营养盐类丰富,初级生产力高,也是多种鱼类、虾类、蟹类的栖息、繁殖场所。东海区(包括福建省、浙江省、上海市和江苏省)1991年海水增养殖面积达1335 km~2,总产量48.0万 t。全区具有较大规模的海带育苗、紫菜育苗、贝类育苗、虾类育苗、海蜇育苗的场地和设备。鱼类育苗技术不断提高.现已进行了约80个种类的人工、半人工育苗及20个种类的增殖放流或移植、自然增殖的试验。海水养殖种类达40～50种。东海区得天独厚的具有高经济价值的鳗苗和中华绒螫蟹苗的天然苗种资源。东海区既是全国海水增养殖业的重要基地也希望取得周边国家和地区的支持和合作。提出了今后(2000年止)发展的具体设想内容及主要项目,以及应采取的措施等,具有指导意义。

TENTATIVE PLANS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF FISHERY RESOURCE ENHANCEMENT AND AQUACULTURE IN THE EAST CHINA SEA REGION

The coast line and island line in the East China Sea account for 34% and 49.1% of the whole country's respectively.There are 3481 islands more than 500 m~2 in area.The shoal area represents 46.7% of the whole country's.There are numerous estuaries with a total area of 25507 km~2,the shallow sea (0-20m) area is about 64461km~2 accounting for 50% of the whole country.A great number of famous,special and high quality's fishery resources inhabit the East China Sea region,which has the following characteristics: abundant in living marine resources,with wide distribution,stable in hydrologic environ- ment rich in nutrient salts and high in primary productivity.It is also the inhabiting and breeding grounds for various fish,shrimp and crab. The total area of the marine enhancement and aquaculture in the East China Sea re- gion (including Fujian Province,Zhejiang Province,Shanghai and Jiangsu Province) re- ached 1334.2km~2 in 1991 with a total yield of 480,000 metirc tons.The whole region has breeding grounds and equipments for raising multi-species seedling such as kelp and la- ver,as well as for hatching shellfish,shrimp,jellyfish and fish.With the improvement of the seed rearing techniques about 80 species of-artificial and semiartificial seed rearing and 20 species of enhancement or transplant and natural propagation were tested.The number of mariculture amounts to 40-50 species.Being richly endowed by nature,the East China Sea has natural seed resources with highly commercial value,such as eel fry and mitten crab larva.The East China Sea region is the important base for marine en- hancement and culture whose industry is willing to receive support and cooperation from the adjacent countries and regions.The paper dealsin particular with the specific tentative plans,main projects and measures to be adopted for future development toward 2000, which has instructive significance in the work.