油菜秆颗粒料对湖羊生产性能、瘤胃发酵参数及血液生化指标的影响

本试验探索了油菜秆颗粒料对湖羊生产性能、瘤胃发酵参数及血液生化指标的影响。试验选取30只6月龄体重为(32.33±1.65) kg的健康公湖羊,按体重配对设计分为2组,对照组和试验组分别饲喂花生藤颗粒饲料和油菜秆颗粒饲料,试验期52 d。测定了日增重、饲料转化效率、瘤胃发酵参数、饲料表观消化率及血液生化指标。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组湖羊的干物质采食量(1.37 kg对1.47 kg)显著低于对照组(P<0.05),日增重基本一致(147 g对143 g);试验组瘤胃液中总VFA(102.27 mmol/L对90.44 mmol/L)(P<0.05)、丙酸(17.08 mmol/L对13.79 mmol/L)(P<0.01)、丁酸(11.97 mmol/L对10.31 mmol/L)(P<0.01)、氨态氮浓度(15.90 mg/dL对11.33 mg/dL)(P<0.01)的含量显著升高,乙丙比(P<0.01)(3.96对4.33)显著降低;中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率有升高的趋势(54.75%对51.50%)(P=0.09);血液中葡萄糖浓度显著升高(3.77 mmol/L对2.97 mmol/L)(P<0.05),尿素氮浓度(11.01 mmol/L对12.80 mmol/L)(P<0.01)、游离脂肪酸(133.07 umol/L对144.50 umol/L)(P<0.05)、谷丙转氨酶(14.85 U/L对19.23 U/L)(P<0.05)和高密度脂蛋白(0.92 mmol/L对1.05 mmol/L)(P<0.05)浓度显著降低;每kg增重饲料成本试验组比对照组降低了5.87元。结果表明,以油菜秆为主的颗粒料饲喂生长湖羊,对其健康无不良影响,可降低饲料成本,增加养殖效益,是丰富南方地区湖羊粗饲料来源、减少区域油菜秆污染的可行途径。

Effects of pelleted rape straw feed on productive performance,rumen fermentation parameters,and blood biochemical indexes of Hu sheep

An in vivo experiment was conducted to study the effects of granulated rape straw feed on the produc-tive performance,nutrient utilization,rumen fermentation parameters,and blood biochemical indexes of Hu sheep.Thirty 6-month-old healthy Hu sheep (32.33±1.65 kg)were equally divided into two groups based on their body weights.One group was fed on pelleted peanut vine feed (control group),and the other was fed on pelleted rape straw feed.The total feeding period lasted 52 days.The average daily weight gain,feed conver-sion ratio,rumen fermentation parameters,feed apparent digestibility,and blood biochemical indexes were measured.The results showed that,compared with the control group,the group fed with pelleted rape straw showed a significantly lower (P <0.05)dry matter intake (1.37 kg versus 1.47 kg),but similar average daily weight gain (147 g vs.143 g).The pelleted rape straw feed increased the levels of total volatile fatty acids (102.27 mmol/L vs.90.44 mmol/L)(P <0.05 ),propionate (17.08 mmol/L vs.13.79 mmol/L)(P <0.01),butyrate (11.97 mmol/L vs.10.31 mmol/L)(P < 0.01 ),and NH 3-N (15.90 mg/dL vs.11.33 mg/dL)(P <0.01),and decreased the acetate to propionate ratio (3.96 vs.4.33)(P <0.01).The apparent total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (P =0.09)showed an increasing trend in the group fed with pelleted rape straw (54.75% vs.51.50%).The pelleted rape straw feed significantly increased the concentra-tion of glucose (3.77 mmol/L vs.2.97 mmol/L)(P <0.05),and decreased the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (11.01 mmol/L vs.12.80 mmol/L)(P < 0.01 ),free fatty acids (133.07 umol/L vs.144.50 umol/L)(P <0.05),alanine aminotransferase (14.85 U/L vs.19.23 U/L)(P <0.05),and high-density lipo-protein (0.92 mmol/L vs.1.05 mmol/L)(P <0.05).The cost per kg weight gain was 5.87 yuan lower in the experimental group than in the control group.In summary,feeding growing Hu sheep with pelleted rape straw had no adverse effects on their health and reduced feed costs,and could therefore improve breeding efficiency. Rape is a rich forage source in the areas where Hu sheep are farmed,and the use of rape straw as feed is a promising strategy to reduce regional rape straw pollution.