用二组法和三组法预测稻米直链淀粉和蛋白质含量的研究

摘 要:直链淀粉和蛋白质含量是影响稻米品质的重要性状，对其进行有效预测具有重要意义。本研究用18个亲本及其所配制的81个水稻杂交组合（按NCⅡ设计）为材料，利用有多态性的SSR标记筛选与 F1直链淀粉和蛋白质性状相关的阳性位点和增效位点，分别用二组法和三组法对F1性状值进行预测，并建立相应的预测模型。结果表明：1)对稻米直链淀粉和蛋白质含量预测可以取得较好的效果，增效位点明显优于阳性位点；2）因性状和材料不同存在一定差异，固定恢复系预测优于固定不育系预测，对直链淀粉的预测优于蛋白质的预测；3)二组法对固定恢复系的预测效果明显优于三组法，直链淀粉和蛋白质的预测值在二组法中分别为0.8076和0.6722，三组法分别为0.6823和0.4174；在固定不育系的预测中两种方法差异不明显。

Prediction of Amylose and Protein Contents of indica Rice by Two-group Method and Three-group Method

Abstract: Amylose content (AC) and protein content (PC) are important traits influencing rice quality, so it is important to find effective methods for their prediction. In this work, effect-increasing loci for AC and PC screened by SSR markers were used in their prediction using two-group method and three-group method respectively, and corresponding prediction model based on three-group method was also established. The results indicated that: 1) the prediction efficiency of AC and PC was high enough for application, and the prediction effect with effect-increasing loci (IL) was better than that with positive loci (PL). 2) The prediction efficiency varied with different traits and parents, better with fixed restorer lines than with fixed sterile lines, as well as better for AC prediction than for PC prediction. 3) With fixed restorer lines, prediction efficiency by two-group method was better than by three-group method; prediction values for AC and PC by two-group method were 0.8076 and 0.6722, while 0.6823 and 0.4174 by three-group method, respectively. With fixed sterile lines, prediction efficiency showed no significant difference between two-group method and three-group method.