水稻种质资源抗灰飞虱评价及抗性机制分析

通过改进的苗期集团筛选法，对138份水稻种质进行了抗灰飞虱鉴定与评价。筛选出对灰飞虱具有不同程度抗性的材料25份，占总鉴定材料的181%，其中高抗种质2份，抗性种质9份，中抗材料14份，粳稻品种明显比籼稻感虫。对部分材料进行的排驱性、抗生性试验及相关分析表明，Rathu Heenati(RHT)、Mudgo、Kasalath和IR36对灰飞虱具有强的排驱性和抗生性，其抗性水平与这两种抗虫机制密切相关；道人桥、羊毛谷的抗生性强，但排驱性弱，其主要抗虫机制表现为抗生性；Dular、ASD7和密阳23对灰飞虱具有较强的排驱性和抗生性，表明排驱性和抗生性是这3个品种的重要抗性类型；DV85具有较强的排驱性，但抗生性较弱，窄叶青8号和鬼衣谷具有中等水平的抗生性和排驱性，推测这3个材料具有较好的耐害特性。中抗材料9311的抗性水平由中等排驱性和抗生性控制，V20A的抗性主要表现为排驱性，明恢63和扬粳9538的排驱性和抗生性均较弱，暗示其抗性机制主要是耐害性。上述具有强抗生性或排驱性的材料是理想的抗灰飞虱资源。

Evaluation of Rice Germplasm for Resistance to the Small Brown Planthopper and Analysis on Resistance Mechanism

One hundred and thirty-eight rice accessions were evaluated for resistance to the small brown planthopper(SBPH)(Laodelphax striatellus Fallén)by seedbox screening test with modification.Twenty-five rice accessions with different levels of resistance to SBPH were detected,accounting for 18.1% of the total accessions,which included two highly resistant,nine resistant and 14 moderately resistant varieties.Compared with indica rice,japonica rice was more susceptible to SBPH.Antixenosis test,antibiosis test and correlation analysis were performed to elucidate the resistance mechanism.The highly resistant varieties such as Rathu Heenati(RHT),Mudgo and Kasalath and resistant variety IR36 expressed strong antixenosis and antibiosis against SBPH,indicating the close relationship between resistance level and these two resistance mechanisms in the four rice varieties.Antibiosis was the dominant resistance pattern in the resistant varieties Daorenqiao and Yangmaogu due to their high antibiosis.Dular,ASD7 and Milyang 23 had relatively strong antixenosis and antibiosis,indicating the two resistance mechanisms were significant in these three varieties.The resistant variety DV85 expressed relatively high level of antixenosis but low antibiosis,while Zhaiyeqing 8 and Guiyigu conferred only moderate antibiosis and antixenosis to SBPH,suggesting tolerance in these three varieties.Antibiosis and antixenosis governed the resistance to SBPH in the moderately resistant variety 9311.Antixenosis was the main resistance type in V20A.Tolerance was considered to be an important resistance mechanism in Minghui 63 and Yangjing 9538 due to their poor antibiosis and antixenosis resistance.The above accessions with strong antibiosis or antixenosis were the ideal materials for resistance breeding.