大穗型与多穗型小麦单株生产潜力研究

为了解大穗型与多穗型小麦基因型的单株生产潜力,以5个大穗型基因型和5个多穗型基因型为试验材料,在株距14cm、8cm和2cm 3种种植密度条件下对单株产量及产量因素进行试验研究。结果表明：两种穗型的基因型都有较高的单株产量潜力,在株距14cm密度处理中单株产量最高,均达到20 g;多穗型基因型单株产量在株距14cm和2cm的密度处理中分别比大穗型基因型多0.8g和0.5g,差异显著,在株距为8cm的密度处理中后者显著高于前者,表明大穗型基因型对生存环境反映敏感,适应范围窄,而多穗型基因型则具有更好的适应能力;多穗型基因型在株距14cm和2cm密度处理条件下穗数高出幅度大于穗粒重高出的幅度,说明穗数是影响其单株产量在这两个密度处理条件下高于大穗型基因型的主要原因。

Analysis on the Potential of Grain Yield Per Plant of the Genotypes with Large - size and Multiple -size Spikes in Wheat

To understand wheat yield per plant with large -size and multiple -size spikes genotypes, five of each them were applied as material to study on their yield per plant and yield composition under three planting densities rows 14cm,8cm and 2cm. The results indicated that these two sizes spikes genotypes all had high potential production per plant, grain yield was highest in rows 14cm, all reached 2g. The grain yield of multiple - size spikes genotypes were each higher 0.8g and 0.5g than large -size spikes genotypes in rows 14cm and 2cm, they were significantly different, the large -size spikes genotypes were higher than the multiple - size spikes genotype in row 8cm, it showed that the large - size spikes genotypes were sensitive to environment, adapted to the narrow range, the large - size spikes genotype had better adaptability than it. Average ear number of multiple -size spikes genotypes more margins than grain weight per ear in rows 14cm and 2em, showed spike number was a main cause for yield per plant of multiple - size spikes genotypes than large - size spikes genotypes under these two planting densities.