用黄色粘虫板监测玉米田双斑萤叶甲和蚜虫种群动态与诱杀效果研究

2018和2019年7～9月在齐齐哈尔地区通过在玉米田间悬挂黄板(40 cm×25 cm),设距地面1.0 m和玉米雌穗上2种悬挂高度,每7 d更换,调查其对双斑萤叶甲、蚜虫诱杀作用及对主要天敌昆虫的诱集影响。结果表明,黄板对双斑萤叶甲成虫具有显著的诱杀作用,高峰期周平均最多诱杀188头/板。平均单板诱虫量变化反映出双斑萤叶甲7月初始发,8月中旬为盛发期,9月上旬为盛发末期。黄板对有翅蚜有一定的诱杀效果,平均单板诱集有翅蚜量与田间单株玉米上无翅蚜种群密度呈显著线性相关。蚜虫种群密度高峰期,黄板诱杀区单株平均蚜量比不挂黄板(对照区)显著减低44.8%～45.3%(2018)和21.0%～28.3%(2019)。黄板对瓢虫有一定的诱集作用,对草蛉、食蚜蝇等天敌基本无显著诱集作用。在齐齐哈尔地区黄板既可以用于田间监测玉米田双斑萤叶甲和蚜虫的种群发生动态,又具有诱杀和防治的潜力。

Effectiveness and Efficacy of Yellow Sticky Card Trap on Inspection and Capture of Monolepta hieroglyphica and Aphids in Maize Field

July to September in 2018 and 2019, yellow plate (40 cm×25 cm) was hung in the field of maize in Qiqihar area, and two hanging heights were set at 1.0m from the ground and on the female ear of maize. The effects of these two hanging heights on the two species of leaf beetle, aphid and the trapping effect on the main natural enemies were investigated every 7 days. The results showed that yellow plate had a significant effect on the lure of adult dipterygium, and 188 heads / board were killed on average in the peak week. The average single board insect attraction showed that the leaf beetle of dipterygium started in early July, the peak period was in mid-August and the last half in September, and yellow board had certain effect on the parasite. The average number of pterygoid aphids induced by single board was significantly linear correlated with the population density of wingless aphids on single maize in the field. The average aphid per plant in the yellow board trapping area decreased 44.8%-45.3%(2018) and 21.0%-28.3%(2019) significantly compared with the control area during the peak density of aphids. Yellow board has a certain trapping effect on ladybug, and has no significant trapping effect on natural enemies such as sandflies and aphid flies. The yellow plate in Qiqihar area can be used to monitor the population dynamics of the Diptera and aphids in the field, and also has the potential of inducing and controlling.