不同类型超级小麦品种小花分化及产量构成因素的相关性分析

以山东省超级小麦项目组近几年育成的8个不同类型的超级小麦新品种(系)为材料,进行了小花分化历程的观察比较和在不同地力下产量及产量结构三要素的相关分析。结果表明:从小花原基初始分化到四分体形成期所经历的天数为31～37天,大穗型品种历时较长。小花分化的开始时间主要与品种抽穗期早晚有关,与品种类型关系不大。超级小麦的产量水平随土壤肥力提高而增加,在高肥地力下,中间型和大穗型品种增产潜力较大;在中肥和低肥地力下,多穗型品种产量较高。中间型品种的单位面积穗数、穗粒数和千粒重与产量的相关性最好,是超级小麦育种和高产栽培中最值得注意的类型。

Study on blossom differentiation and correlation analysis between grain yield and yield components of super wheat

In this paper,the blossom differentiation and grain yield as well as yield components were studied using eight different types super wheat cultivars. The result indicated: The stages of blossom differentiation was 31-37 days, and it was longer for big-spike cultivars than poly-spike cultivars. The beginning time of blossom differentiation was relation to heading period and not to cultivars type. The wheat grain yield was increased as the soil fertility improving. The big-spike cultivars had higher grain yield potential in rich soil fertility and the poly-spike cultivars had higher grain yield potential in poor soil fertility. The mid-spike cultivars is the most suitable style for super wheat, because there was singnifcant potitive correlation among grain yield and ear number, kernel number per ear and 1000 kernel weight in different soil fertility.