蚕豆根病种子带菌检验和带菌种子的传染实验

 从我省的五个县二个区的蚕豆种子上分离到燕麦镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌、串珠镰刀菌、拟枝孢镰刀菌、禾谷镰刀菌、木贼镰刀菌和其他一些真菌。种子带菌率各地不同,安宁县1984和1985两年平均带菌率为13.9%,其余地区的带菌率在3-4%之间。从种壳和子叶两部分分离的结果表明种子带菌部位主要在种子表面。使用从种子上分离到的镰刀菌(Fusarium avenaceum,F.oxysporum和F.moniliforme)的孢子分别接种到健康无菌的蚕豆种子上,模拟种子带菌,然后在温室栽培实验,结果都能导致蚕豆苗期发病。由于蚕豆种子带菌是苗期根病的初侵染来源之一,故播种前进行种子消毒处理应成为综合防治的一个环节。

Detection of Seed-Borne Pathogens of Fababean Root Disease and Tests on Their infectiveness

A variety of Fungi were isolated from Faba-bean Seeds covering Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. F., Oxysporum Schl.; F. moniliforme Sheld. F. moniliforme vat. anthophilum (A. Br.) wr., F. Sporotrichioides Sherb. F. equiseti (Cda.) Sacc., F. graminearum Schw. and some other Fungi. This suggests that the Seeds of the Faba-bean may carry some pathogenic Fusaria which cause root diseases of Faba-bean. Most of the Fungi were isolated on the surface of seeds and rarely at the inner part of the seed. Tests on infectivenessconfirmed that the three major species of Fusarium e.g.F.avenaceum, F.oxysporum and F. moniliforme isolated from Faba-bean seedswere infectious to the seedlings of Fababean and the symptoms revealed as that of those in fields.