| 蛋白营养对工业养殖大菱鲆(Scophthatmus maximus L.)幼鱼生长、氨氮排泄及肌肉氨基酸的效应 |
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| 作者姓名： | 张 静 高婷婷 李 勇 赵宁宁 马 骏 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院海洋研究所 中国科学院海洋生物学重点实验室海洋生态养殖技术国家地方联合工程实验室 青岛 266071;中国科学院大学 北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | “十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B07)和中国科学院院地合作项目(Y12530101L)共同资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 在封闭循环水养殖条件下,选用体重为(145.08±0.56)g大菱鲆(Scophthatmus maximus L.)幼鱼,进行4种饲粮蛋白质水平(41％、46％、50％和55％,即Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组)的单因素实验74 d,研究蛋白营养变化对工业养殖大菱鲆幼鱼生长、氨氮排泄及肌肉氨基酸的影响.结果显示:(1)实验鱼增重率的提高随饲粮蛋白含量升高先快后慢,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组增重率极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组18.48％-65.95％ (P＜0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组间无显著差异;饲料系数则相应下降,Ⅱ、Ⅳ组分别极显著低于Ⅰ组25.64％、28.21％ (P＜0.01),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组间无显著差异;(2)实验鱼氨氮排泄率与饲粮蛋白水平呈正相关,即随饲粮蛋白水平提高,实验鱼氨氮排泄率呈先缓增后趋平稳趋势,饲粮蛋白含量超过50％时,排泄率急剧上升.氨氮排泄率呈明显昼夜节律性,即摄食后排泄率逐渐升高,6-8 h达排泄高峰,后逐渐降低,以此周期性循环.早投喂后6h各组排泄率达高峰,Ⅳ组极显著高于其他3组17.95％-35.07％ (P＜0.01);晚投喂后8h各组排泄率达ld内第2次高峰,Ⅳ组极显著高于Ⅰ组31.27％ (P＜0.01),显著高于Ⅱ组14.25％ (P＜0.05);(3) 17种常见氨基酸在各处理组鱼肌肉内含量丰富,总量均高于65 mg/l00 mg,且随饲粮蛋白含量升高呈渐增趋势,其中,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组无论肌肉氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸含量,还是鲜味氨基酸含量,均略高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组,但4组间差异不显著(P＞0.05);饲粮蛋白含量变化对实验鱼肌肉氨基酸组成比例无显著影响.总之,饲粮蛋白水平过高,不能显著改善生长性能,却会显著提高氨氮排泄;同时,既不能改变肌肉氨基酸比例,也难以显著增加肌肉氨基酸积累.研究表明,大菱鲆幼鱼饲粮适宜蛋白质水平为45％-50％.
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| 关 键 词： | 蛋白质 生长 氨氮排泄 肌肉氨基酸 大菱鲆 封闭循环水 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/11/24 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/12/23 0:00:00 |
Effects of the Protein Level on the Growth, Ammonia-Nitrogen Excretion, and Amino Acid Accumulation in the Muscle of Industrially-Cultured Juvenile Turbot (Scophthatmus maximus L.) |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Jing GAO Tingting LI Yong ZHAO Ningning and MA Jun |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 and Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 |
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| Abstract: | |
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| Keywords: | Protein Growth Ammonia nitrogen excretion Muscle amino acids Turbot (Scophthatmus maximus L ) Recirculating aquaculture systems |
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