‘绿雄90’西兰花花球生长动态与N、P、K养分需求效应研究

为探明‘绿雄90’西兰花对N、P、K养分的需求规律和互作机制,明确最佳施肥方案,充分发挥增产、提质、增效潜力,采用"3414"试验设计对‘绿雄90’西兰花N、P、K养分需求效应进行田间试验。结果表明‘绿雄90’西兰花对N、P、K养分单维度需求呈抛物型曲线变化,对N+P+K(M)整体维度需求呈幂次函数变化规律,其商品花球综合采收指数(H)数学模型为H=-0.000052M~2+0.091585M+6.504614(n=14,r=0.7057**)。通过对上述模型和浙东沿海NPK结构比例分析,‘绿雄90’西兰花对N+P+K组合互作最佳需求量为881 kg/hm~2,即为纯N 489 kg、P_2O_5191 kg、K_2O 201 kg。因此,应用此施肥方案可为菜农减少习惯施肥量8%,这对改变菜农传统施肥方式具有十分重要的指导意义。

Growth Dynamics and N,P, K Nutrient Needs of Broccoli‘Lvxiong 90’

In order to clarify the N, P, K nutrient needs and their interaction mechanism in broccoli‘Luxiong 90’, and to confirm the optimum fertilization scheme for improving quality and production efficiency,‘3414’design was carried out with three factors (N, P, K) in the present study. The results showed that the nutrient needs of N, P, K changed in a parabolic curve through the growth of‘Luxiong 90’, and the overall nutrient needs of N, P, K presented a power function change through the growth. The mathematical model of broccoli harvest index (H) was: H=-0.000052M2+0.091585M+ 6.504614 (n=14, r=0.7057**). By analyzing the above model and the structure proportion of N, P, K in coastal areas of east Zhejiang Province, the optimal N+ P+ K interaction combination was obtained as 881 kg/hm2, including N 489 kg, P2O5 191 kg, K2O 201 kg. Therefore, this fertilization scheme could reduce the fertilizer amount by 8%. The study has certain guiding significance to change the traditional way of vegetable fertilization.