东北黑土区典型县域农村多维空心化研究--以拜泉县为例北大核心CSCD

精准测度农村空心化程度、揭示东北黑土区县域农村空心化空间分布格局及影响因素,对于因地制宜整治空心村、推动乡村振兴具有重要意义。本文在阐述农村多维空心化科学内涵的基础上,以黑龙江省拜泉县为研究区,测度农村多维空心化水平及其耦合协调程度。结果表明:(1)农村多维空心化是人口、土地、经济等乡村地域系统多要素相互作用的结果;(2)农村空心化程度普遍较高,村域和乡镇空心化差异明显,经济空心化水平整体高于其他维度。流出人口比重、人均纯收入、耕地流转比例是影响农村空心化的主导因素;(3)农村人口、土地、经济空心化相互作用强度整体较高,呈低水平协同演进;两两之间的协调状态差异明显,其中“人口—土地”空心化协同性最差。产业结构单一、种植业比重高效益差、农民收入水平低等是农村空心化及内部要素关系失衡的重要原因。因此,为系统构建农村地区各要素的耦合格局,提出了分区整治、完善农村制度体系等建议。

Study on the multidimensional rural hollowing of typical counties in black soil area of Northeast China: A case study of Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province

Accurately measuring the degree of rural hollowing, revealing the spatial distribution pattern and the influencing factors of rural hollowing in counties in the northeast black soil region are of great significance for regulating hollowing villages according to local conditions and promoting rural revitalization. This paper takes the typical county in the northeast black soil region as an example to measure the degree of multidimensional rural hollowing and its coupling coordination. Results show that: 1) the multidimensional hollowing of rural areas is the result of the interaction of multiple elements of rural regional systems such as population, land, and economy; 2) the degree of rural hollowing in Baiquan county is generally high, the difference between village and township is obvious, and the level of economic hollowing is higher than other dimensions. The proportion of outflow population, per capita net income and the proportion of farmland transfer are the dominant factors affecting rural hollowing; and 3) the interaction intensity of rural population, land and economic hollowing is generally high, showing a low-level coordinated evolution. There are obvious differences in the coordination state between the two. Among them, the "population-land" hollowing coordination is the worst. The single industrial structure, the high proportion of planting industry, and the low income of farmers are important reasons for the hollowness and imbalance of human-land-industry in Baiquan County. Therefore, to systematically construct the coupling pattern of various elements in rural areas, this paper provides some policy suggestions, including zoning consolidation and improving rural regulation system.