碳酸氢根和铵态氮共同对菜豆生长及养分吸收的影响

 以菜豆为材料进行水培试验, 探讨了高浓度NH₄⁺-N与HCO₃^-共存介质对菜豆生长发育及其营养吸收的影响, 结果表明: ①以HCO₃^--N 为主要氮源时, 菜豆生长状况最好; 以NH₄⁺-N为主要氮源且无HCO₃^-存在时, 培养前期菜豆根系就发生受害现象, 叶片出现萎蔫; 但加入HCO₃^-后, 随着营养液中HCO3- 浓度从0 升高到13. 0 mmol/L , 菜豆长势逐渐改善, 表明HCO₃^-与NH4+ 以较合适的比例共存于介质中可明显减轻二者非共存对菜豆生长的抑制作用。② 同一处理, 菜豆整株对主要营养元素吸收量的次序为: N > K> P > Ca >Mg > Fe >Mn , 以NH4+2N 为主要氮源时, 随HCO₃^-浓度升高, 菜豆对N、P、Ca、Mn 的吸收量逐渐增大。③以NO_3^--N 为主要氮源, P、Fe、Mn 元素在根部出现累积, 而以NH₄⁺-N为主要氮源时, 随HCO₃^-浓度增加, N、P、Ca、Mn 在根部亦有累积现象。     

甜菜根产量和含糖率性状的QTL定位

为了进行目的基因克隆等进一步的研究,选育高产、高糖、抗病的新品种,由‘JV34-2’和‘2B023’杂交获得F2代群体200株甜菜为材料,利用123个SRAP标记和18个SSR标记,对甜菜的根产量性状和含糖率性状进行QTL定位分析。利用完备区间作图软件QTL icimapping3.1,共检测出根产量和含糖性状的17个QTLs,定位于已构建的遗传图谱的6个连锁群中。根产量性状定位了7个QTLs,LOD值为2.5322~4.0098,可解释变异为4.5704%~12.3782%。含糖率性状定位了10个QTLs,LOD值为2.5385~10.8314,可解释变异为2.3482%~19.3828%。本试验是国内甜菜重要经济性状定位研究中获得QTL定位位点最多的。     

秋茬生菜深水栽培氧的需求规律

以意大利耐抽薹生菜为试验材料,研究了深水栽培条件下不同生长发育阶段营养液中的溶氧量和单株吸氧量的变化。结果表明,生菜的不同生长阶段营养液中溶存氧的日变化和植株单株吸氧量有所不同,生长初期,氧需求量和吸收量均较少,只需补充少量的氧就可满足正常生长的需要;生长中期氧的需求和吸收量均较高,生长末期氧需求量减弱,吸收量也明显下降。生产管理上应注意增加和补充生长中期的充氧时间和充氧量,适当减少生长末期的充氧量。     

Flowing solution culture system maintains uniform root environment composition

Flowing solution culture enables the researcher to study effects of root environment variables independently. This flowing solution culture system utilizes air pressure and syphoning or a peristaltic pump to circulate the nutrient solution. Because this system is inexpensive, simple in design, and compact, several factors can be studied concurrently, treatments can be replicated to test for system effects, nutrient deviations, and block for growth effects due to environment. These systems have been used successfully with experiments in N form, plant growth regulators, salt stress, and mechanical stress. Non‐destructive measurements of root growth and nutrient uptake are possible.     

水培蔬菜硝酸盐控制方法研究进展

综述了水培蔬菜硝酸盐控制方法的研究进展,包括合理的氮源配比、营养液的元素平衡、后期采用停氮处理、选择使用好塑料膜控制光照、叶面喷施措施等。     

我国蔬菜营养液膜栽培技术新进展

综述了我国蔬菜科技工作者,对营养液膜技术所作的实用化改进和取得的新进展。     

过氧化脲及尿素配比对水培上海青生长及品质的影响

水培蔬菜中硝酸盐富集及供氧状况是当前水培体系亟待解决的问题.为降低水培上海青Brassica campestris ssp.Chinensis(L.)硝酸盐含量,本研究分别通过部分尿素替代日本园试配方中硝酸盐,以及不同过氧化脲(UHP)与尿素配比的方式,探究减硝增氧对水培叶菜生长及品质的影响.首先以30％、40％、50...     

Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seedlings Raised with Long Mat by Hydroponics: —Comparison with young seedlings raised in soil—

Summary

Growth and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings raised with long mat by hydroponics (SLH) were compared with those of young seedlings raised in soil (YSS). When SLH and YSS were raised under the similar environmental conditions, the dry weight of shoot in SLH was significantly lighter than that in YSS at the time of seedling harvest, whereas the shoot in SLH was as long as that in YSS. The increase of dry weight of shoot and the decrease of dry weight of grain were smaller in SLH than in YSS during the raising of seedlings. In addition, the content of soluble sugars in the grain of SLH was apparently lower than that of YSS, indicating that the supply of carbohydrates from endosperm to shoot was less in SLH than in YSS. Crop growth rate and mean leaf area index of SLH were lower than those of YSS, while net assimilation rate of SLH was similar to that of YSS. The size of leaf blades in SLH was markedly smaller than that in YSS, whereas no significant difference was observed in the rates of photosynthesis and dark respiration in leaf blades between SLH and YSS. The results suggest that the leaf growth of SLH is reduced by the insufficient supply of carbohydrates from endosperm, and this is the major cause of lower levels of dry matter production in SLH as compared with that in YSS.     

不同无土栽培方式对上海青生长量的影响

研究了气雾培、水培和基质栽培3种无土栽培方式对上海青生长量的影响。试验结果表明,生长初期,3种栽培方式下,上海青生长量差异不大;而在生长中后期,水培的上海青叶面积、单株质量等指标明显较优,且水培运转成本相对较低,适宜于大面积推广。     

回归最优设计法在水培白菜肥料效应中的应用

利用“416-A”回归最优设计研究Ca(NO3)2?4H2O、KNO3、NH4H2PO4、MgSO4?7H2O对水培白菜的产量效应。数学模拟建立了四种肥料与白菜产量的回归方程：y=97.808-4.337x1+3.445x2-2.690x3+8.299x4-6.894x1x2+17.331x1x3-7.389x1x4-3.191x2x3+6.364x2x4+0.063x3x4-9.629x12-17.150x22-17.915x32-24.066x42。经检验回归关系显著，并对回归系数进行了检验。从回归方程可得：MgSO4?7H2O对产量以直接作用为主，其次为Ca(NO3)2?4H2O、KNO3和NH4H2PO4。Ca(NO3)2?4H2O与其它三种肥料均有交互作用，其中与NH4H2PO4交互作用达极显著水平。从产量效应回归关系优选出配方浓度为：Ca(NO3)2?4H2O：971mg/L；KNO3：931mg/L；NH4H2PO4：204mg/L；MgSO4?7H2O：581mg/L。采用回归最优设计结合水培研究肥料效应精确可行。