肉仔鸡病原大肠杆菌地方分离株的血清型鉴定

从河北的三河、滦南、乐亭、卢龙及昌黎等地 2 9个养鸡场 (户 )分离鉴定了 82株病原大肠杆菌 ,用 54种常见动物病原大肠杆菌单价 O抗血清进行了血清型鉴定。结果 82株分离菌有65株被鉴定出了相应 O血清群 (占鉴定菌株的79.2 6%) ,分属 6种不同血清型 ,其中以 O78和O45两种为优势血清型 (占定型菌株的64.61 %) ,其余 4种 O血清群占定型菌株的 3 5.3 9%,尚有 1 7株未能定型 (占鉴定菌株的 2 0 .74%)     

某大型鸡场鸡大肠杆菌病流行病学调查

某大型鸡场的28个分场分离到的菌株，经生化检验为大肠杆菌的有87株，经O血清测定定型65株，4株自凝，18株未能定型，其中O78占20株，O1占14株，O2占5株，这些分离株中O78、O1、O2有39株占定型菌株的60．0％，因此可以认定O78、O1和O2为该大型鸡场的优势血清型，以不同场分离的菌株，以每分离株10^7菌落形成单位(CFU)细菌气管接种1日龄易感鸡，根据接种后7天内发生死亡和病变鸡的比例，确定出高致病株、中等致病株和低致病株分别为87．36％、8．05％和4．59％。     

重庆市致病性大肠杆菌的血清型鉴定

从重庆市各地发生典型仔猪黄、白痢猪的肛拭粪样及死亡猪的心血和肝脏中分离鉴定出173株致病性大肠杆菌,用20种大肠杆菌O抗原单价血清进行了血清学鉴定。结果表明:173株分离菌有87株能定型,分属14种血清型,其中以O101(17.2%)、O8(14.9%)、O20(14.9%)、O64(11.5%)、O45(9.2%)、O149(8%)等6种为优势血清型。同一地区存在多种血清型,大多数地区有本地的优势血清型。不同地区的优势血清型有的相同,有的不同。     

我国部分地区禽病原性大肠杆菌的分离与鉴定

从江苏、广东、河南、新疆、四川、北京、黑龙江等１８个省、市、自治区临 有典型大肠杆菌病病变的病禽１０５１羽采集病料,分离培养和鉴定出５９５株大肠杆菌。经Ｏ血清型测定,除１４４株未能定型、１１株自凝外,共出４４０个分离株的Ｏ血清型。这些 ５０个血清型,但以Ｏ１８、Ｏ７８、Ｏ２、Ｏ８８、Ｏ１１、Ｏ２６、Ｏ４、为、Ｏ１２７６、Ｏ１３１等１０个血清型为主,这些分离株覆盖了６０个血清型,但以血Ｏ１８、Ｏ７８     

禽致病性大肠杆菌的分离、O血清群鉴定及药物敏感试验

对2005年5月~2016年3月自河北、山东、河南、江苏、陕西、辽宁等省发病鸡场疑似大肠杆菌病的病死鸡病变部位分离的194株禽致病性大肠杆菌进行了生化特性测定、O抗原血清群鉴定及药敏试验。试验用5种大肠杆菌单因子（O1、O2、O57、O65、O78）阳性血清进行O血清群鉴定,确定了124株O血清群,占鉴定菌株数的63.9%（124/194）,其中O1 3株、O2 26株、O57 15株、O65 47株和O78 33株,O65和O78为优势菌株,而O2和O57血清群菌株次之,O1血清群菌株最少。8种药物（氨苄西林、新霉素、多西环素、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、替米考星、环丙沙星、头孢噻呋和氟苯尼考）的药敏试验结果表明,受试的5株大肠杆菌分离株均对环丙沙星和新霉素敏感,而对其他药物均有不同程度的耐受。本研究结果表明O65、O78、O2和O57血清群高度流行,为进一步研发多价菌苗奠定了基础。     

Application of a real-time PCR-based system for monitoring of O26, O103, O111, O145 and O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in cattle at slaughter

Faecal samples were collected from 573 slaughtered cattle aged between three and 24 months in seven abattoirs. After enrichment (mTSB with novobiocin), samples were screened by real‐time PCR first for stx and if positive, tested for the top‐five Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups using PCR assays targeting genes specific for serogroups O26, O103, O111, O145 and O157. Of 563 samples with available results, 74.1% tested positive for stx genes. Amongst them, the serogroups O145, O103, O26, O157 and O111 were detected in 41.9%, 25.9%, 23.9%, 7.8% and 0.8%, respectively. From 95 O26, 166 O145 and 30 O157 PCR‐positive samples, 17 O26, 28 O145 and 12 O157 strains were isolated by colony hybridization after immunomagnetic separation. The 17 O26 strains were eae‐positive, but only nine strains harboured stx (eight possessing stx1 and one stx2). Of the 28 O145 strains, ten were eae‐positive including four harbouring stx1 or stx2, whereas 18 were negative for stx and eae. Five of the 12 O157 strains harboured stx2 and eae, did not ferment sorbitol, and were identified as STEC O157:H7/H^?. The other seven O157 strains were negative for stx and eae or positive only for eae. Shiga toxin genes and the top‐five STEC serogroups were frequently found in young Swiss cattle at slaughter, but success rates for strain isolation were low and only few strains showed a virulence pattern of human pathogenic STEC.     

Comparative Research on Serogroups Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coil Isolates from Poultry in Different Areas of China

A total of 241 Escherichia coli(E. coli)isolates from 349 avian samples(292 from cloacae,29 from feed and water,28 from dust and padding)were collected from Northeast,South,North,and Central China in recent years.The percentage of isolation was 69.1%.There are 67 serogroups each with 1-2 isolates distributed in different regions.and some of these regions had the preponderant serogroups.Antimicrobial-resistance(AR)of E. coli was so severe that the majority were multi-AR.Fifty percent strains were resistant to 10-19 antimicrobial drugs.Overall,the isolates represented resistance to nalidixic acid(88.1%),tetracycline(85.7%),sulfamethoxazole(81.0%),trimethoprim-sulfamethpxazole(77.1%),ampicillin (76.2%),amoxilline(74.3%),streplomycin(66.2%),fluoroquinolones(57.1-66.7%),chloramphenicol(52.9%),gentamicin (39.0%),and kanamycin(36.2%).The isolates were sensitive to cefalexin,amoxilline-clavulanic acid,amikacin,and florfenicol with all AR rate of 0-19.5%only.The results showed that the AR was more severe in chicken farms in which the antibiotics were used broadly and repeatedly.This study indicated the AR characterization of E. coli in different areas of China.It will be a foundation for studying AR mechanism and regulating the usage of antimicrobial in the poultry industry.     

山东省禽致病性大肠杆菌菌株的分离与鉴定

从山东省临沂、烟台、滨州、济南、聊城、德州等15地、市的解剖诊断门诊部收集临诊上有典型病变鸡(鸭)病的病料230余份中分离出大肠杆菌165株,115株大肠杆菌进行了O血清型鉴,共鉴定出84个分离株的O血清型,鉴定结果表明O78、O36、O6与O107是本次调查的优势血清型.挑选59株进行致病性试验.动物试验结果表明94.9%的菌株对7日龄内雏鸡具有很强的致病作用,多数菌株可使接种雏鸡100%死亡     

奶牛乳腺炎源大肠杆菌中耶尔森菌强毒力岛相关基因的检测及序列分析

【目的】研究奶牛乳腺炎源大肠杆菌中耶尔森菌HPI携带情况及其与O血清型的关系,并对部分菌株的相关基因序列进行分析。【方法】从中国北京、内蒙古、甘肃、四川、重庆、云南、贵州等7个省市部分地区1 260份临床型和隐性奶牛乳腺炎奶样中分离得到190株大肠杆菌,对分离菌株进行耶尔森菌强毒力岛核心区irp2基因、fyuA基因及HPI毒力岛在大肠杆菌染色体中插入位置的鉴定,分析HPI毒力岛的携带情况及其与分离菌株O血清型之间的关系。【结果】190株大肠杆菌分离株中,irp2基因阳性率为26.31%（50/190）,fyuA基因阳性率为18.94%（36/190）。50株HPI+分离株中检出asn_tRNA_intB 基因32株,阳性率为64%（32/50）。本试验克隆的irp2基因(273 bp）、fyuA基因(1 071 bp）、asn_tRNA_intB基因(1 512 bp）均与已发表序列高度同源,同源性分别在97.1%、98.2%、97.2%以上,且其HPI毒力岛大多位于大肠杆菌染色体的asn_tRNA位点上。【结论】耶尔森菌HPI在奶牛乳腺炎源大肠杆菌中广泛流行分布,但也存在差异,而不同血清型菌株携带HPI的倾向性可能只与特定的血清型有一定的关系。     

宠物源大肠杆菌的血清型和毒力基因及耐药性调查

为研究宠物源致病性大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)的血清型、毒力基因和耐药性之间的相关性,本研究由健康和患病犬、猫直肠拭子样品中分离177株E.coli,并采用玻片凝集法鉴定其血清型,结果显示分离株中定型菌株135株,分别属于20个不同的血清型,其中O1、O2和O8为主要的流行血清型。PCR方法检测11种毒力相关基因,并采用琼脂稀释法测定分离菌株对14种抗菌药的敏感性,结果表明3个血清型的菌株拥有相似的耐药表型,但毒力基因谱不同。62%的分离菌株携带fimH基因,并且毒力基因组合iroN+hlyF、iroN+fimH和traT+sitA比较流行。55%的O1血清型携带fimH基因,并且多数耐受四环素、多西环素、头孢噻吩和庆大霉素;20.8%的O2血清型菌株携带traT和sitA基因;50%的O8血清型携带traT和fimH基因。3个血清型分离菌株多数对安普霉素和阿米卡星敏感。