Study on the association of BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles with clinical mastitis in Norwegian Red cows

Genotyping of bovine leucocyte antigen DRB3.2 (BoLA-DRB3.2) in a total of 523 Norwegian Red (NR) cows from two groups selected for high protein yield and low clinical mastitis, respectively, identified 27 previously reported BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles across the groups. Significant differences in BoLA-DRB3.2 allele frequencies were found between the selection groups. Alleles *13, *18, *22 and *27 had a significantly higher frequency in cows selected for low clinical mastitis, while alleles *3, *9, *11 and *26 had a higher frequency in cows selected for high protein yield. Associations between BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles and clinical mastitis were analysed based on mastitis data from 741,072 first-lactation NR cows, of which 452 were genotyped. Alleles *22 and *26 were found to be associated with increased clinical mastitis, while alleles *7, *11, *18 and *24 had a favourable effect on mastitis resistance. Contradictory results from different studies investigating associations between BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles and mastitis indicate that future studies should focus on associations of mastitis with BoLA haplotypes rather than with single BoLA genes.     

不同管理条件下奶牛隐性乳房炎发生初探

乳汁中的体细胞增多，特别是白细胞增多是乳房炎的特点之一，因此，根据乳中体细胞数含量的多少来判断是否患有隐性乳房炎是一种可靠的检测手段本试验对不同管理状况下的奶牛随机抽样以检测乳汁中的体细胞数．结果显示：来自管理状况较好的合肥某乳业公司样本中的体细咆数明显低于安徽农业大学校牧场样本的体细胞数．两样本相比较，前者隐性乳房炎的发病率(30％)低于后者的发病率(50％)。     

草鱼外周血白细胞组成及其受胁迫和感染的影响

为了得到可反映草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）健康状况的血细胞指标的基础数据,对4 种不同质量规 格的草鱼进行白细胞分类计数研究,并观察草鱼在硫酸铜、敌百虫处理以及多子小瓜虫感染后白细胞组成的变化。 结果表明,1 000 g组和500 g组规格草鱼的淋巴细胞比例显著高于250 g组,1 000 g组和500 g组规格草鱼的中性 粒细胞比例显著低于60 g组和250 g组。硫酸铜处理组的淋巴细胞分类计数显著高于对照组;高浓度敌百虫处理组 草鱼的淋巴和血栓细胞分类计数显著高于对照组;多子小瓜虫感染组草鱼中性粒细胞分类计数极显著下降,淋巴细 胞分类计数显著上升。说明个体大小、理化胁迫因子和病原感染都会影响草鱼白细胞组成比例。     

柞蚕杆状病毒诱导鸡异嗜白细胞脱粒效应的信号转导通路

通过探讨柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)杆状病毒诱导鸡异嗜白细胞的信号转导途径,确证其是否具有活化鸡异嗜白细胞的作用。采用β-葡萄糖苷酸酶释放法检测柞蚕杆状病毒诱导的鸡异嗜白细胞脱颗粒反应,并通过应用蛋白酪氨酸激酶(src、syk)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3-K)以及丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(ERK、p38 MAPK、JNK)的特异性抑制剂,分析各蛋白酶通路在柞蚕杆状病毒诱导鸡异嗜白细胞脱粒反应中的作用。结果表明,柞蚕杆状病毒可以显著提高鸡异嗜白细胞的脱粒反应,其中src、PI3-K、JNK的特异性抑制剂能够抑制柞蚕杆状病毒诱导的鸡异嗜白细胞的脱粒反应,而syk、ERK、p38 MARK的特异性抑制剂则对鸡异嗜白细胞脱粒不起作用,说明柞蚕杆状病毒可通过src→PI3-K→JNK信号转导通路来诱导鸡异嗜白细胞的脱粒反应。     

镉对鲤遗传毒性和外周血细胞数量的影响

将鲤(Cyprinus carpio)分别暴露于0.16、0.31、0.63、1.26 mg/L Cd2+溶液中,研究Cd2+对鲤外周血红细胞微核率、核异常率、红细胞和白细胞数量的影响,探讨Cd2+对鲤遗传毒性和外周血细胞数量影响的变化规律和趋势。结果显示:Cd2+对鲤红细胞微核率和核异常率的影响存在浓度-效应和时间-效应关系。与对照组相比,1.26 mg/L Cd2+组鲤在不同暴露时间的红细胞微核率和核异常率均极显著(P<0.01),核异常率在72 h显著(P<0.05)增加,72 h后表现为极显著(P<0.01)增加。Cd2+对鲤外周血淋巴细胞、单核细胞和嗜中性粒细胞比例的影响存在浓度-效应和时间-效应关系。相同Cd2+浓度下,鲤淋巴细胞比例随暴露时间增加先降低后上升,同一暴露时间淋巴细胞比例随Cd2+浓度增加而降低。相同Cd2+浓度下,鲤单核细胞和嗜中性粒细胞比例随暴露时间增加先升高后降低,同一暴露时间嗜中性粒细胞比例随Cd2+浓度增加而升高。研究表明,Cd2+对鲤具有遗传毒性效应,且随Cd2+浓度增加而增强。     

On the Ultrastructure of Mast Cells and Globule Leucocytes in the Common Bile Duct of Cattle Chronically Infected With Fasciola Hepatica

Mast cells and globule leucocytes in the walls of the common bile ducts of seven uninfected slaughtered cows and of five cows chronically infected with Fasciola hepatica were studied by electron microscopy. The mast cells displayed numerous small intracytoplasmic granules, the matrixes of which were either strongly electron-opaque and homogeneous or less dense with a fine-granular ultrastructure. Unattached ribosomes were abundant in the cytoplasm of the cells. Many mast cells in the walls of chronically infected bile ducts were normal-looking while the cells in the subepithelial tissues often showed striking irregularities in the ultrastructure of the granules. Globule leucocytes were most numerous in the surface epithelium and were not connected by desmosomes to the epithelial cells. The nuclei of the globule leucocytes were similar to those in the mast cells except that indentations caused by the globules were more usually seen. The globules were considerably larger than the mast cell granules but bounded by similar agranular capsules. The matrix of most globules was dense and homogeneous while the other globules showed dense reticulate or lamellate structures. The relationship between the mast cell and globule leucocyte in the liver is briefly discussed with reference to recent reports on these cells in the intestinal wall.     

Cross-reactivity of human leucocyte differentiation antigen monoclonal antibodies on porcine cells

Thirty-six subpanels of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) supplied to the Fifth International Workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens were assayed on porcine peripheral blood leucocytes for cross-reactivity. Sixty-two of the 752 mAbs-stained porcine cells. These mAbs identified 30 different CD groups and will be valuable reagents in the field of porcine immunology.     

围产期饲喂β-胡萝卜素对奶牛免疫性能的影响

试验选择胎次相同、产奶量、体重和体况相近的中国荷斯坦奶牛36头,随机分为3组,分别饲喂对照日粮(基础日粮+150 000 IU维生素A),处理Ⅰ日粮(对照日粮+300 mg-β胡萝卜素),处理Ⅱ日粮(对照日粮+600 mg-β胡萝卜素),预试期15 d,试验期120 d。结果表明:添加-β胡萝卜素对奶牛血液白细胞数量和白细胞分类计数没有显著影响,但提高了围产期奶牛血液淋巴细胞的转化率(P<0.01)。-β胡萝卜素的添加提高了血浆中-β胡萝卜素和维生素A的浓度;在产后8-12周,处理组奶中-β胡萝卜素的浓度显著提高(P<0.005),而且奶中-β胡萝卜素的浓度随着-β胡萝卜素添加量的增加而上升,但-β胡萝卜素的添加对产后4周内奶中的-β胡萝卜素的浓度没有影响。     

中草药免疫增强剂对鸡白细胞数量的影响

将12日龄健康小公鸡随机分成3组,即1组、2组和对照组,1组和2组分别按1%,0.5%每天饮免疫增强剂“疫佳灵”1次,试验期限为60 d,3组为对照组,只饮水不饮“疫佳灵”。分别于饮药后10 d、20 d3、0 d4、0 d5、0 d测血液中白细胞的变化。试验表明,该中草药制剂能增加白细胞中嗜中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的数量,可以提高鸡的免疫力。