蛋鸡血清硷性磷酸酶变化规律的研究

本试验以京白Ⅲ系为试验材料,测定了四个时期的血清AL P活性,研究了其变化规律。结果表明,AL P同工酶型快型酶活性显著高于慢型。年龄、同工酶型及年龄×同工酶型互作对AL P活性有显著影响。AL P活性与产蛋量间遗传相关表现为,在生长期为正,而产蛋期为负。四个年龄中,AL P做为间接选择指标,以6周龄为最佳.     

Echinacoside promotes bone regeneration by increasing OPG/RANKL ratio in MC3T3-E1 cells

Echinacoside (ECH), isolated from Cistanche tubulosa (Schrenk) R. Wight stems, was subjected to in vitro experiments to investigate its bioactivities on proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1. MTT assay, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition were determined, and the secretion of collagen I (COL I), osteocalcin (OCN), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) were also assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that ECH caused a significant increase in cell proliferation, ALP activity, COL I contents, OCN levels and an enhancement of mineralization in osteoblasts at the concentration range from 0.01 to 10 nmol·L^− 1 (p < 0.05), suggesting that ECH has a stimulatory effect on osteoblastic bone formation or has potential activity against osteoporosis. In addition, the ratio of OPG/RANKL also could be enhanced by ECH. These findings provide the potent evidence that ECH can promote bone regeneration in cultured osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, which might be done by elevating the OPG/RANKL ratio, and potential evidence for echinacoside to be a promising drug or a lead compound in the development of disease-modifying drug to prevent osteoporosis.     

The effects of azadirachtin and nucleopolyhedrovirus on midgut enzymatic profile of Spodoptera litura Fab. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The effects of azadirachtin (AZA) and nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) on midgut enzyme activity in Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Tobacco cutworm) were evaluated. Gut enzyme activities were decreased by AZA and NPV individually and in combination. When S. litura larvae were fed a diet of castor leaves treated with AZA and NPV in bioassays, gut enzyme—acid phosphatases, alkaline phosphatases, adenosine triphosphatases, and lactate dehydrogenase—activities were decreased. There were statistically significant differences (P ? 0.05) in enzyme activities between combined and individual treatment. A synergistic effect of botanical insecticides and virus was found when combined in low doses. These effects are most pronounced in early instars. Maximum weight loss (59-72%) occurred, when AZA and NPV were combined.     

Comparison of measurements of canine plasma creatinine, glucose, proteins, urea, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase obtained with Spotchem SP 4430 and Vitros 250 analyzers

The suitability of the Spotchem 4430 benchtop biochemistry analyzer for canine blood samples was tested for creatinine, glucose, proteins, urea, alkaline phosphatases and alanine aminotransferase. Results obtained from whole blood and corresponding heparin plasma were identical except for proteins which were higher in plasma (n=10). Between series imprecision (n=10) was <5% for substrates and <10% for enzymes. Comparison of results from 100 Li-heparin samples with those measured with a Vitros 250 analyzer showed good correlation (r>0.93). The slopes of the Passing-Bablock's regression ranged from 0.90 to 1.20 and intercepts were low. The mean biases were low, except for creatinine for which the results obtained by Spotchem (Jaffe reaction) were about 20 micromol/L higher than with the Vitros (enzymatic reaction). The results of this study show that the Spotchem analyzer is suitable for use in canine whole blood or plasma when small numbers of tests are to be performed and large analyzers are not available.     

r-球蛋白制剂对AA肉用仔鸡的生长和血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性的影响

为评价 r-球蛋白制剂对肉用仔鸡生长和血清 ALP 活性的影响.将试验组自出壳后肌肉注射 r-球蛋白制剂,每次剂量为10mg/羽,共3次,对照组不予注射.两组鸡均检测血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性变化,试验结果表明.试验组与对照组组比,在7周龄末,平均体重增加54g;在第3.4、5周龄期,平均日增重和血清 ALP 活性分别提高4.2%、4.8%、3.7%和65.7%、20.5%、78.1%.提示 r 球蛋白制剂有增加肉用仔鸡早、中期的生长速度和血清 ALP 活性的作用.此外试验还表明,血清 ALP 活性与相对增重呈显著的正相关(r=0.941).本文还对r-球蛋白制剂促进肉鸡生长的作用机理进行了探讨.     

Marked hyperphosphatasemia associated with an acute leukemia in a Great Dane

This is the report of a 5‐year‐old male neutered Great Dane with an extreme leukocytosis (544.9 × 10⁹ cells/L; RI 5.2–13.9 × 10⁹ cells/L) characterized by highly atypical round cells. Cellular morphologic features such as cytoplasmic membrane blebs, a high nuclear‐to‐cytoplasmic ratio, and nuclear indentations and irregularities and large nucleoli, as well as immunocytochemistry for CD3 and CD79, myeloperoxidase cytochemistry, and clonality testing were not conclusive for myeloid or lymphoid origin. Marked alkaline hyperphosphatasemia was present at the first visit (2783.0 U/L; RI 6–80.0 U/L), followed by a 5‐fold increase (14,000 U/L) a week later, identified as being mostly contributed by the bone‐ALP isoform (11,062 U/L; RI 0–30 U/L). In addition, the atypical leukocytes were strongly positive for cytoplasmic ALP activity. In vitro lysis of a heparin blood sample resulted in a 1.7‐fold increase of ALP activity, supporting the origin of the hyperphosphatasemia at least in part from the leukemic cell population. To the authors’ knowledge, this is a unique case of alkaline hyperphosphatasemia, due at least to a leukemic cell population producing a bone‐ALP isoform, regardless of the exact nature of the leukemia.     

三角帆蚌不同蚌龄外套膜细胞的增殖能力及其矿化功能

研究了淡水珍珠贝——三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)在不同蚌龄下外套膜组织的细胞增殖及生物矿化相关因子活性。选择5组不同蚌龄三角帆蚌(0.5龄、1龄、2龄、3龄、4龄),通过流式细胞技术分析了外套膜细胞的增殖指数(proliferation index,PrI)和胞内Ca~(2+)浓度,并应用实时荧光定量PCR检测了与生物矿化相关的碳酸酐酶(carbonic anhydrase, CA)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase, ALP)基因的表达并测定其酶活性。结果表明, 2龄蚌的外套膜细胞PrI及胞内Ca~(2+)浓度显著高于其他蚌龄(P0.05);生物矿化相关基因在不同蚌龄的外套膜组织中表达量不同, 1龄三角帆蚌CA基因表达量和CA酶活性最高(P0.05), ALP基因表达量和ALP酶活在0.5龄三角帆蚌中显著高于其他蚌龄(P0.05)。本研究旨为深入探讨三角帆蚌外套膜细胞增殖能力及人工育珠过程中供体蚌的选择奠定基础。     

Protective effect of Piper longum fruit ethanolic extract on radiation induced damages in mice: a preliminary study

The radioprotective property of an ethanolic extract of Piper longum fruits (EEPLF) was investigated in Swiss mice. The white blood cell (WBC) count in irradiated control mice was drastically reduced to 1900 cells/mm3 on third day but in treated animals the count was 2783.3 cells/mm3. The number of bone marrow cells and alpha-esterase positive cells was also enhanced by the EEPLF administration (16.7 x 10(6) cells/femur and 946.5/4000 cells, respectively) when compared to the radiation exposed control animals (12.2 x 10(6) cells/femur and 693.5/4000 cells, respectively). EEPLF reduced the elevated levels of glutathione pyruvate transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver and serum of radiation treated animals. The extract administration also increased the reduced glutathione (GSH) production to offer the radioprotection.     

扇贝血细胞胞内酶活性的细胞学观察

分别对海湾扇贝、虾夷扇贝、栉孔扇贝的3种血细胞胞内酶：碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、过氧化物酶(POD)、酚氧化酶(PO)进行了免疫细胞化学研究，并对血细胞酶反应阳性率作了统计。结果表明，3种扇贝血细胞ALP阳性率相差不大，海湾扇贝为46．6％，虾夷扇贝为42．4％，栉孔扇贝为36．8％；3种扇贝血细胞POD阳性率相差较大，栉孔扇贝阳性率高达50．2％，海湾扇贝为44．2％，虾夷扇贝仅为17．2％。3种扇贝血细胞PO孵育反应后，由于海湾扇贝、虾夷扇贝PO反应活性很低，瑞氏染液复染后，无法区分阴性、阳性细胞。实验中仅对栉孔扇贝PO阳性率进行了统计，栉孔扇贝血细胞PO阳性率为39．3％。     

Hepatoprotective effects of polyprenols from Ginkgo biloba L. leaves on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

The hepatoprotective effects of polyprenols from Ginkgo biloba L. leaves were evaluated against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic damage in Sprague-Dawley rats. The elevated levels of serum ALT, AST, ALP, ALB, TP, HA, LN, TG, and CHO were restored towards normalization significantly by GBP in a dose dependent manner. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver sections. Meanwhile, GBP also produced a significant and dose-dependent reversal of CCl₄-diminished activity of the antioxidant enzymes and reduced CCl₄-elevated level of MDA. In general, the effects of GBP were not significantly different from those of the standard drug Essentiale.