荷斯坦牛红细胞Na~+-K~+-ATP酶的研究进展

作者对荷斯坦牛红细胞Na+-K+-ATP酶的分子结构和基本特征、分布、作用机制、调控机制、生理功能、影响因素及其与热应激的关系进行了综述.     

Ghrelin对大鼠胃蛋白酶和H+-K+-ATP酶活性的体外作用

从断奶大鼠中获得新鲜的胃粘膜,分离培养胃粘膜上皮细胞,培养30 h后,试验组换为分别含有1×10^-4、1×10^-3、1×10^-2和1×10^-1μmol/L生长素（Ghrelin）的新鲜培养液,对照组换为不含Ghrelin的正常新鲜培养液。继续培养4 h,收集培养液和细胞,分别测定培养液中胃蛋白酶活性和细胞中H^＋-K^＋-ATPase活性。试验结果表明：1×10^-3μmol/L的Ghrelin可显著提高胃蛋白酶的活性（P〈0.05）,1×10^-4、1×10^-3和1×10^-2μmol/L的Ghrelin显著提高胃黏膜上皮细胞中H^＋-K^＋-ATPase的活性（P〈0.05）。表明Ghrelin体外作用于胃粘膜上皮细胞可刺激胃蛋白酶和胃酸的分泌。     

大肠埃希氏菌表面菌毛黏附因子多价菌毛疫苗的研制

为了预防仔猪黄痢,选取ETEC野生分离菌株HN2001(K88ab)、HN2002(K88ac)、HN2003(K88ad)、HN2004(K99)、HN2005(987p)、HN2006(F41)培养后用低温磁力搅拌法提取到菌毛,制成5批多价菌毛混合油乳剂灭活苗,实验室试验结果表明,5批多价灭活疫苗对小白鼠的平均保护率达95.0%,为进一步进行田间试验提供了理论依据,并将为生产上防治仔猪黄痢提供一种保护范围更加全面的生物制品.     

低温胁迫下mefluidide对玉米的保护作用

在０～１０℃低温胁迫下，ｍｅｆｌｕｉｄｉｄｅ对玉米具有保护作用。２０μｇ／ｇｍｅｆｌｕｉｄｉｄｅ叶面喷洒玉米黄化幼苗与未处理对照材料分别在３±１℃、５±１℃、１０±１℃、２５±１℃环境中生长３天后，ｍｅｆｌｕｉｄｉｄｅ处理组线粒体Ｎａ￣＋－Ｋ￣＋ＡＴＰ酶活力均高于对照组，细胞膜电解质渗出率均低于对照组。据此初步认为ｍｅｆｌｕｉｄｉｄｅ对玉米的保护作用可能与ｍｅｆｌｕｉｄｉｄｅ保护了细胞的主动运输体系，维持细胞膜的正常生理功能有关。     

甲基汞对鲤鱼血浆渗透压及鳃丝Na＋－K＋－ATPase活性的影响

以水体甲基汞不同浓度（μｇ／Ｌ）分别染毒鲤鱼２４小时和１周。实验结果表明：在浓度高于５０μｇ／Ｌ染毒２４小时和浓度２０μｇ／Ｌ染毒１周时，多数染毒鱼的血浆Ｋ＋和Ｍｇ２＋浓度增高，Ｎａ＋和Ｃｌ－浓度下降，ＰＯ３－４值变化不明显。血浆Ｃａ２＋浓度仅在２００μｇ／Ｌ染毒２４小时和高于４０μｇ／Ｌ染毒１周时，染毒鱼的血浆Ｃａ２＋出现极显著下降。甲基汞量高于１００μｇ／Ｌ染毒２４小时和８０μｇ／Ｌ染毒１周，染毒鱼的血浆渗透压呈明显下降趋势。鳃线粒体Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性仅在染毒２４小时浓度为２５μｇ／Ｌ和５０μｇ／Ｌ剂量时受到抑制。甲基汞还引起了血糖含量的明显增高。     

水环境Cu2+对鲫鱼组织Na+-K+-ATPase酶活力的影响

研究水环境铜对鲫鱼组织Na -K -ATPase酶活力的影响,探求Na -K -ATPase酶作为铜暴露生物标记物的可能性。以30尾鲫鱼作为受试生物,随机分成5组,每组6尾。研究其剂量效应,铜离子浓度分别为0、0.004、0.02、0.1、0.5 mg/L。结果表明,随着Cu2 浓度的增加,各组织(肝、肾、鳃)的Na -K -ATPase酶活力均呈现出先升高、后降低的现象;随着Cu2 浓度的进一步上升,实验组酶活力显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。Cu2 对鳃组织Na -K -ATPase酶活力的影响最大,其次为肝,对肾的影响较小。Cu2 的胁迫可引起鲫鱼组织酶活力发生变化,Na -K -ATPase酶有望成为一个较好的水环境污染早期预警指标。     

Identification of polymorphisms and association analysis with meat quality traits in the porcine KIAA1717 and HUMMLC2B genes

Skeletal muscle genes are potential candidates for production and meat quality. Screening a subtracted cDNA library constructed with mRNA obtained from longissimus dorsi muscles of F1 hybrids Landrace × Yorkshire and their female parents Yorkshire, we isolated two partial sequences coding for the H3-K4-specific methyltransferase (KIAA1717) and skeletal muscle myosin regulatory light chain (HUMMLC2B) genes. Database search revealed KIAA1717 and HUMMLC2B encoded proteins with SET domain and EF-hand calcium binding motif, respectively. In the present work we identified their partial polymorphisms and two SNPs, one (C1354T) at the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of KIAA1717 and one (A345G) at the SINE (PRE-1) element of HUMMLC2B, both created/disrupted a restriction site for endonuclease Msp I. The selected pigs were genotyped at the KIAA1717 C1354T and HUMMLC2B A345G sites by means of a PCR-RFLP protocol. Significant associations were observed for the KIAA1717 C1354T polymorphic site with meat marbling (longissimus doris (p < 0.05), biceps femoris (p < 0.01)) and intramuscular fat (p < 0.01). HUMMLC2B A345G were significantly associated with meat pH (longissimus doris (p < 0.05), biceps femoris (p < 0.01)), drip loss (p < 0.01), water holding capacity (p < 0.01) and meat color value (longissimus doris (p < 0.01), biceps femoris (p < 0.05)). Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.     

仔猪黄痢K88-K99-987p-F41多价菌毛疫苗的制备及小鼠免疫试验

为了更好地预防仔猪黄痢，选取野生分离菌株HN2001（K88ab）、HN2002（K88ac）、HN2003（K88ad）、HN2004（K99）、HN2005（987p）和HN2006（F41）培养后用低温磁力搅拌法提取菌毛，制成5批多价菌毛混合油乳剂灭活苗。试验结果表明，5批多价灭活疫苗对小鼠的平均保护率达95．0％，为进一步进行本体动物试验提供了有价值的参考资料。     

Activity of H+-K+-ATPase in gastric parietal cells under stress in rats and analysis of electron microscopic enzyme cytochemistry

AIM: To demonstrate the changes of activity and electron microscopic enzyme cytochemistry staining of H⁺-K⁺-ATPase of gastric parietal cells under stress in rats. METHODS: Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, stress group and stress+omeprazole (OM) group. Water immersion-restraint stress (WRS) model in SD rats was performed. The ulcer index (UI) of gastric mucosa and H⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity of gastric parietal cells were measured. The changes of ultrastructure and electron microscopic enzyme cytochemistry staining of parietal cells were observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM). RESULTS: Compared with control group, the UI of gastric mucosa and H⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity of gastric parietal cells increased (P<0.01 and P<0.05) in stress group. In stress+OM group, both UI and H⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity decreased (P<0.01) compared with stress group. Parietal cells were in a resting state in control group, and became active in stress group, where plenty of intracellular canaliculi were observed under the TEM. In stress+OM group, the dilated intracellular canaliculi lined with rare microvilli were founded. Enzyme cytochemistry staining showed that there was little black punctate enzyme reactive product scatted in intracellular canaliculi and the apical plasma membrane of parietal cells in control group, and there were large amounts of black enzyme reactive product accumulated at the intracellular canaliculi in stress group. Scarcely deposition of enzyme reactive product in intracellular canaliculi was observed in stress+OM group. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the H⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity of gastric parietal cells increases under WRS, and is in accordance with ultrastructure changes. These findings suggeste that gastric acid might be one of the most important factors that result in stress ulcer.     

Protective mechanism of metallothionein on cultivated rat cardiomyocytes in hypoxic preconditioning

AIM: Studying the mechanism of protective role of metallothionein(MT) in hypoxic preconditioning(HPC) of cultivated rat cardiomyocytes. METHODS:Using the model of hypoxia/reoxygenation of cultivated rat cardiomyocytes. Determining the contents of MT, malonyldialdehyde (MDA)-metabolism product of lipid peroxidation and the activities of Na⁺-K⁺ATPase, Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺ATPase of cardiomyocytes 24h after HPC, also determining the relevant changes after using MT antibody. RESULTS: After 24 h in HPC, the contents of MT and activities of Na⁺-K⁺ATPase, Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺ATPase were obviously higher than those in the control and hypoxia/reoxygenation(P＜0.05), and the contents of MDA were decreased remarkedly (P＜0.01). Then after using MT antibody, the activities of two enzyme were progressively decreased and the contents of MDA were significantly higher than those in the control and MT antibody-free groups(P＜0.01). CONCLUSION: HPC may induce excessive synthesis of MT, and MT can protect myocardial reoxygenation injury by eliminating lipid peroxidation and rising the activities of Na⁺-K⁺ATPase and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺ATPase.