砂地柏杀虫作用研究概况

概述了杀虫植物砂地柏 (Sabina vulgaris Ant.)中杀虫活性物质的化学特性、活性强度、作用方式、作用机理、构效关系及应用等方面的研究情况及进展。通过对砂地柏杀虫作用研究结果的总结和分析 ,为其开发和实际应用研究提供依据     

Porcine hepatocyte–Kupffer cell co‐culture as an in vitro model for testing the efficacy of anti‐inflammatory substances

As Kupffer cells are highly involved in the regulation of hepatic inflammatory response, the main goal of this study was to improve and to characterize a hepatocyte–Kupffer cell co‐culture of pig origin for modelling endotoxin‐induced hepatic inflammation and for testing the efficacy of potential anti‐inflammatory substances. This monolayer co‐culture was prepared from primary isolated swine hepatocytes and Kupffer cells in the ratio of 6:1 and 2:1, mimicking different states of liver inflammation. The prepared cell cultures were characterized by immunohistochemical CD‐68 detection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge of both co‐cultures resulted in elevated interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) and that of 6:1 co‐cultures in increased IL‐6 production with a higher extent than on hepatocyte monocultures, justifying the key role of Kupffer cells in pro‐inflammatory cytokine production. LPS‐induced IL‐8 production was successfully attenuated by concomitant application of both sodium butyrate and terpinen‐4‐ol on hepatocyte monocultures, but not on co‐cultures, demonstrating the importance of the presence of Kupffer cells in cell cultures as inflammatory models. Based on these initial data, the applied porcine primary hepatocyte–Kupffer cell co‐culture is suggested to be a proper tool for in vitro investigations on liver physiology and hepatic inflammation in pigs and can be used as a useful model mimicking in vivo conditions in veterinary research.     

松油烯-4-醇对粘虫幼虫体壁结构的影响

用砂地柏精油主要杀虫活性成分松油烯 - 4 -醇熏蒸处理粘虫 6龄中期幼虫后 ,在扫描电镜下观察了不同中毒阶段粘虫体表蜡质颗粒及体壁底膜的变化。结果表明 ,松油烯 - 4 -醇处理可导致粘虫幼虫体表蜡质层颗粒形态和排列形式发生改变 ,颗粒间空隙变大 ,体壁底膜也有一定程度的破坏 ,这些病变可能是导致体表失水的主要原因。     

蒸馏时间与互叶白千层精油主要化学成分及出油率关系的研究

蒸馏的持续时间是影响互叶白千层精油质量及出油率的重要因素之一。对不同蒸馏时间段收集的互叶白千层精油的化学成分及出油量进行了分析研究。结果表明，随着蒸馏时间段的延长，互叶千层芳香油的主要化学万分的含量及其出油量均下降，在0-120min内，出油率已超过98%,120-150min阶段其出油率不到2%。而高沸点的环烯烃及其醇类却随着蒸馏时间的增加而增加。因而可能通过控制蒸馏时间，提高互叶白千层精油的质量，同时可以降低能耗。