互叶白千层引种与栽培试验初报

对近年新引进的互叶白千层苗期和幼林生长效应的研究结果表明，在引种区苗期以湿润沙质壤土生长最好；盆栽施肥在本试验条例上以Ｎ：０．５－１．０；Ｐ：０．６－０．９，Ｋ：０．８－１．２ｇ／盆为适宜施肥量；造林时，施基肥一不施基肥生长显著；林地施不同追肥２个月后，根据树高、地径、地上部分生物量得出的施肥效果排序为：复合肥Ⅱ〉复合肥〉碳氨〉尿素。     

乳源木莲生长规律的研究

本文对人工营造的乳源木莲与杉木等混交的试验林分别不同造林年度、不同立地条件、不同混交比例，设置２１块标准地，采集２３株解析木，调查了大量数据，建立数学模型，初步揭示了９年生乳源木莲树高、胸径、形数、材积、冠幅、根系、侧枝等生长规律。     

The implications of various silvicultural funding arrangements for privately managed public forest land in Canada

When devising policies for financing private silvicultural operations on public forest land, government agencies should consider carefully the benefits and costs of alternative arrangements and how they arc likely to affect tenure holders' behavior. Three general methods of achieving silvicultural objectives arc discussed — the creation of incentives for private voluntary expenditures, reimbursement by governments of expenditures on approved or required silvicultural operations, and required silvicultural operations at the tenure holder's expense.Private firms will only invest voluntarily in silviculture on public lands if they have adequate security of tenure and hold sufficient equity in the timber values resulting from their activities. If firms' silvicultural costs arc reimbursed, their behavior will depend on the extent of reimbursement and whether they have a financial interest in the outcomes of their reimbursed activities. Generally, reimbursement of expenditures must be supported by minimum performance standards and costly monitoring and enforcement procedures. If silvicultural operations are required at the tenure holder's expense, firms will only undertake silviculture to avoid penalties and have a strong incentive to achieve required standards at minimum cost. More stringent monitoring and enforcement procedures may be necessary than if costs arc reimbursed.The impact of policy alternatives is illustrated by means of a survey of silvicultural expenditures on two forest tenure types in British Columbia.     

Management of pine wilt disease in Korea through preventative silvicultural control

Pine wilt disease (PWD) represents a major threat to forest ecosystems worldwide. Although PWD is now better understood, effective control measures for this disease have still not been devised. Here, we report several years of field studies on preventative silvicultural control of PWD. Silvicultural control through preventative clear-cutting and the manual removal of logs was implemented between 2005 and 2009 in 16 Korean districts that had newly PWD-infected stands. Preventative clear-cutting of neighboring asymptomatic pine trees (within a 10-50-m radius of wilt trees) and the removal of felled logs or branches suppressed spread of PWD. Occurrences of PWD wilt pines in districts (city or county) subjected to this silvicultural control method were significantly reduced compared with those in districts using conventional controls (physical or chemical treatment of wilt pine trees). Through silvicultural control, PWD was successfully suppressed in 11 of 16 districts investigated. In contrast, successful control was achieved in only 1 among 18 districts subjected to conventional control. Our results will be of considerable interest to those engaged in the very difficult battle against the global spread of PWD.     

我国营林机械的发展(三)——抚育机械设备

介绍了抚育机械设备的主要种类及其发展,分析了各种机械的特点及适用场合。     

多功能目标下的近自然森林经营作业法研究

基于海南省热带人工林近自然化改造的实例,介绍在森林生态系统多功能可持续经营目标指导下的近自然森林作业法设计的理论基础和实现技术。作业级是一个自然性质、动态特征和经营目标基本一致的经营空间类型,而立地条件和功能类型是用于界定和划分作业级的技术指标。森林发展类型是在作业级层次上应用的长期稳定的目标森林设计模式;林分抚育作业方法是在发展类型目标导向下规定本经理期内对当前林分执行具体抚育、采伐或补植（造林）等具体作业技术的模式方法;垂直结构导向的经营周期计划给出了从森林发生发展到最终利用全过程的经营规划,这些技术要素的有机组合构成多功能目标的森林作业法的基本内容。期望通过这个在＂作业级＂层面的近自然森林作业法实例介绍,为多功能经营目标下的新型森林作业法研究提供启发和案例。     

造林设计方案推荐子系统设计与实现

推荐造林设计方案是杨树速生丰产林培育经营决策支持系统的主要功能之一。依据对杨树速生丰产林造林树种选择、确定培育目标、初植密度以及造林方法、抚育方法等诸方面的综合考虑,设计实现了一个实用的造林设计方案推荐子系统。该子系统是一个可根据立地质量评价结果、培育目标、地区及土壤理化性质等约束条件综合推理得出备选造林设计方案供用户选择的专家系统。着重阐述了推理机和知识库的设计,并对推理过程进行了详述。     

造林技术措施对马尾松林分生长影响的定量分析与预测

该文利用贵州省台江县马尾松造林技术试验林 4～ 10年生林分的逐年测定资料 ,以林分平均树高和平均胸径为基准变量、各主要造林技术措施和林分年龄为说明变量 ,对建立马尾松林分生长的数量化回归模型进行初步研究 .结果表明 ,采用数量化回归途径建立马尾松林分生长的预测模型是可行的 ,且所建模型具有较高的预测精度 ,但用于拟合回归模型的数据以采用林龄为 4a以上的测定资料为宜 .通过对回归模型偏相关系数的定量分析 ,可以确定马尾松人工林培育的关键技术措施是立地控制、遗传控制和密度控制 ;同时 ,还可根据各项造林技术措施和林分年龄 ,预测马尾松林分的生长 .     

防火林带研究进展

综述了当前生物防火的研究成果,指出防火树种的研究现状及其选择和应用,讨论了防火林带的技术特点和混交造林在森林防火上的应用。防火林带在我国南方林区已发挥了良好的防火效益,并有着广阔的发展前景。对防火机理的研究应当由定性到定量地分析,改变目前树种单一、结构简单的防火林带状况,向多树种、复层结构发展,同时应当提倡多元化造林和林业多种经营。     

福建竹类害虫发生特点、成因及综合防治探讨

在长期调查研究福建省竹类害虫的基础上 ,深入分析了竹类害虫发生的基本特点 ,主要表现为种类多、分布广、频率高、危害严重且新害虫不断出现 .同时从不同角度分析了害虫发生的主客观原因 ,探讨了害虫发生与环境条件、竹林管理水平、某些非生物因素以及检疫措施等因素之间的关系 .最后对福建省多年来所实施的竹类害虫综合防治进行小结