部分预应力技术在板梁中的应用

结合哈尔滨市二环路部分预应力结构工程实际,通过与常规设计板梁梁结构技术经济指标的综合分析比较发现,部分预应力结构具有技术经济指标先进、节省主要材料用量等特点,是大批量应用于中小跨径桥梁之首选结构形式,是桥梁设计、建造标准化的发展方向。     

中波塔高强瓷绝缘柱脚性能研究

本文提出了一种新型柱脚设计方案，将非金属预应力筋安装在柱脚，运用施加预应力的方法改变柱脚应力性质，使其不仅易于抗压，也易于抗弯和抗拉，改善了高强绝缘陶瓷的脆性特性，提高其韧性。针对该新型柱脚设计方案，以一实际工程为算例，进行了AFRP张拉锚固方法探究试验以及瓷绝缘柱脚抗弯试验。通过试验，总结了AFRP筋施加预拉力的方法，并分析了该新型柱脚的受力性能。     

先张法预应力空心板纵向开裂的防治

多年来先张法预应力空心板在中、小桥结构物中一直被广泛应用.但在设计回访中发现,部分空心板板底多存在有纵向裂缝的问题,为有效杜绝此弊病的发生,本文对其产生的原因进行了分析并提出了预防措施.     

海上平台立式长轴消防泵转子静力学特性分析

为了研究立式长轴消防泵转子的静力学特性,以XBC18-178-240LC3型号的立式长轴消防泵为研究对象.首先根据设计参数通过Creo建立了立式长轴消防泵内部流场的三维模型以及转子的物理模型,采用CFX对该泵在0.20Q_d,0.65Q_d,1.00Q_d,1.20Q_d,1.40Q_d和1.50Q_d这6种工况下进行三级泵内流场的定常数值模拟;然后把物理模型导入ANSYS Workbench中,并根据实际运行过程设置约束条件,根据模块耦合功能,将流场的模拟结果导入固体结构实现单向流固耦合,对转子模型进行了带预应力的静力学特性分析.结果表明:叶轮内部受到的流体载荷随叶轮级数增加而增大,随流量增加而减小;转子总变形量的最大值位于第三级叶轮后盖板的边缘处,等效应力与等效应变的最大值位于第三级叶轮后盖板边缘与叶片出口边的交点上,都随流量增加而减小;在0.20Q_d,0.65Q_d,1.00Q_d和1.50Q_d这4种工况下转子的最大等效应力为118.23 MPa,小于其许用应力250 MPa,符合强度要求;该泵的工作转速1 485 r/min小于其0.85倍的一阶临界转速,符合动力学设计要求.因此,在满足安全运行的工况下,XBC18-178-240LC3型号的立式长轴消防泵满足设计要求和使用要求.     

紫萍铺水利枢纽引水发电洞进水口边坡预应力锚索锚固效应分析

四川岷江紫坪铺水利枢纽工程引水发电洞进水口边坡布置了大量预应力锚索进行加固,同时安装了13台锚索测力计对锚索进行监测,安装了4支多点位移计对边坡变形情况进行监测。在对锚索测力计和多点位移计监测资料整理分析的基础上,重点分析了预应力锚索对边坡的锚固效应,为该边坡的稳定性分析提供了必要的判别依据。     

Experimental Analysis on Bending Capacity of Unbonded Prestressed Concrete Beams with HRBF500 Steel Bars

The bending capacity tests on ten simple supported beams were conducted to investigate the damage characteristics, prestress increment, beading capacity and displacement ductility of unbounded prestressed concrete beams with HRBF500 steel bars. The results show that the HRBF500 steel bars has yielded before the limit state. The concrete in compression zone crushes upon the broken of the beams, which shows a sudden damage mode. The measured ultimate stress increments of unbounded tendons are in linear relationship with the comprehensive reinforcement ratio index, while the values of the ultimate stress increments are obviously higher than those values specified in the code GB50010-2010, and the average ratio of predicted values to testing values is about 0.35. The mid span deflection upon yielding of the beams is large, while the displacement ductility is bad and the average value of the displacement ductility ratio is 1.67. The displacement ductility ratio decreases with the increases of the comprehensive reinforcement ratio index. Based on the experimental results, the proposed calculation formula of ultimate stress increments of unbounded tendons was established, and it is in good agreement with the experimental results when the testing value is less than 450 MPa.     

浅谈预应力混凝土桥梁施工要点

预应力混凝土桥梁在公路建设中应用广泛,本文介绍了预应力混凝土桥梁在施工过程中的质量控制要点。只有在施工过程中牢固稳定的支架,规范合格的预应力张拉,才能施工出质量优质的合格桥梁。     

反力墙实验系统的静力有限元分析

对某校土木工程实验中心的反力墙实验系统进行了静力有限元分析。讨论了有限元单元类型,材料参数的计算和混凝土破坏准则的参数选择。通过计算机仿真加载试验,得到考虑加载孔削弱后等效的混凝土单轴抗拉强度,从而对有加载孔的反力墙和台座模型进行了简化。因主要关注的是预应力反力墙结构的整体性能,故选择了分离式等效载荷法作为预应力施加方法,以分析预应力对结构的整体效应。对荷载步进行了设计,以清楚显现预应力大小对结构变形和应力的影响。计算结果表明,预应力的施加能减少位移,减小拉应力;反力墙系统能满足变形、强度和抗裂度要求。     

国内外渡槽发展现状及趋势

在概述国内外渡槽修建和发展情况的基础上，详述渡槽研究过程中存在的主要问题，分析渡槽发展研究的总趋势是适应各种流量和跨度，并从横断面结构、支承型式、材料、施工方法、施工工艺5方面，探讨渡槽未来的发展方向和趋势。     

THE STRAIN OF THE BARS IN THE STRUCTURAL COLUMNS OF THE PRESTRESSED EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT BRICK-WALLS

Through the comparative tests of prestressed and non-prestressed brick-walls un-der the repeated lateral loading,the effect of the prestress-force to the strain distribution in the non-prestressed bars of the structural columns has been investigated.This effect is beneficial:the pre-stress-force will reduce the value of strain in the bars of the lower part in the columns and uniformize the strain distribution along the whole height of the columns.Furthermore,instead of a strainreduction,the strain of prestressed be will increase along with the increasing of the lateral load.Thus,the coefficient of prestress-force-increase could be calculated in the tWo stages of the crack-resistance and ultimate bearing capacity.As a result,both the prestressed and non-prestressed barsare able to give the potential of their bearing capacity a full play,and improve the earthquake-resis-tant property.