一种便携式土壤温湿度数据采集器的研制

介绍了一种便携式土壤温湿度数据采集器,说明了其工作原理及主要特点,并给出了电路设计图,该仪器可用于田间土壤温度、湿度数据快速实时采集,已获得国家实用新型专利授权(专利号:ZL200620026085.1)。     

新旧版便携式林业机械和园林机械噪声测定规范国际标准的分析与研究

对2011年版便携式林业机械和园林机械噪声测定规范ISO 22868与其上一版本进行对比分析,归纳了新旧版国际标准变化的主要内容,并进行了总结及提出建议.     

便携式木材绞盘机新型卷筒离合器设计

在利用便携式木材绞盘机进行木材生产试验过程中,发现卷筒离合器在分离与接合过程中易出现卡阻现象,从而影响集材生产效率。在对牙嵌式离合器结构进行受力分析和卡阻原因分析的基础上,基于Solid Works的建模分析设计方法,设计了一种新型多孔旋转圆柱式卷筒离合器,该方法有效缩短了新型卷筒离合器的设计周期。新型卷筒离合器采用圆柱销与圆孔的嵌合,代替牙嵌式离合器牙嵌轴与牙嵌套的嵌合,同等试验条件下,旋转柱销式卷筒离合器平均分离时间分别比柱销式卷筒离合器节省3.71 s、比牙嵌式卷筒离合器节省8 s,改善了便携式木材绞盘机卡阻后离合器分离困难的现象,节约了离合器分离时间,从而有效提高了便携式木材绞盘机在集材作业中的生产效率。     

The use of a new portable erosion measuring device for assessing the erodibility of the surface layers of flood embankments

When a river overtops its flood banks, water running down the landward side of the bank can rapidly erode the soil surface and scour the bank, sometimes leading to breaches and collapse. A covering of living vegetation, particularly grass, can reduce this risk of water erosion. As part of a project to assess the effectiveness of different management regimes on bank vegetation cover, direct measurements were required of the erodibility of the soil surface. A portable erosion measurement device (EMD) was developed by LAB Coastal with the support of the Environment Agency. This could direct water flowing at known velocities across areas of the flood banks, and it was used to test directly the erosion resistance of vegetated grass banks at three sites. The EMD gave a direct measure of the erodibility of a small sample of flood bank. While measurements of soil strength and assessments of vegetation cover were useful, they did not always correctly characterize the stability of the bank surface as measured directly by the EMD. The EMD and its use are described and the results obtained are discussed. The results indicate that flood banks need to be mown at least once a year to make them less vulnerable to erosion.     

轴流式风力灭火机的研究初探

阐述了国内外便携式风力灭火机的发展现状,同时从灭火性能方面对轴流风机与离心风机的优缺点进行了比较,探讨了研制轴流式风力灭火机存在的问题.     

Detecting endotoxin activity in bovine serum using an automated testing system

The aim of the present study was to compare the ability of the commercially available portable test system (PTS^TM) to detect endotoxin activity in bovine serum, with that of the traditional LAL-kinetic turbidimetric (KT) and chromogenic (KC) assays. Prior to testing, serum samples, which were obtained from endotoxin-challenged cattle, were diluted 1:20 in endotoxin-free water and heated to 80°C for 10 min. The performance of the PTS^TM was not significantly different from that of the traditional LAL-based assays. The results using PTS^TM correlated with those using KT (r²=0.963, P<0.001) or KC assays (r²=0.982, P<0.001). Based on these findings, the PTS^TM could be applied as a simplified system to assess endotoxin activity in bovine serum.     

基于FLOW-3D的田间便携式短喉槽水力性能数值模拟

田间量水是实现灌区计划用水和节水农业的关键技术,但由于试验条件、测量方法和精度的限制,传统的水工模型试验分析田间量水设施的水力性能存在一定局限性。该文基于FLOW-3D软件,采用RNG k-ε三维湍流模型、Tru VOF方法、FAVOR(fractional area volume obstacle representation)技术模拟喉口宽度为51 mm的田间便携式短喉槽过槽水流的三维流场。与试验结果对比表明:过流能力、水流流态以及水深与试验结果较为吻合,误差小于10%,采用的数值模拟方法能够有效地模拟田间便携式短喉槽水力性能,在确定数值模拟可靠性的前提下,对其水力性能进行分析。数值模拟结果显示:佛汝德数、流速在自由出流工况下沿程增大,在淹没出流条件下先增大后减小,并由佛汝德数分析结果确定了临界水深断面所在区域为喉口段后半部分;通过回归分析得到的田间便携式短喉槽上游水深与流量计算公式最大测流误差为-5.63%,满足灌区量水精度的要求;该量水槽最大水头损失占总水头的12.10%,相比于长喉道量水槽的13%较小。该研究对提高量水设备研发效率、降低研发成本与周期、促进中国灌区流量精准测量设备的推广具有实用价值。     

用松枝解剖法快速检测松材线虫病原

松材线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus早期诊断是防治松材线虫病的重要环节.为了在早期快速测定寄主(松树)体内的病原线虫,开发了便携式显微镜和松枝解剖技术.用修枝剪采集松枝,用解剖刀进行松枝切片,再用便携式显微镜镜检,结果显示松枝内松材线虫检出率为70%,其中濒死松树内检出率为100%,局部枯枝内检出率为60%,健康枝内检出率为0.野外松林内鉴定一个样本平均用时2.5 min.使携式显微镜加枝条解剖法能对松材线虫病实施早期快速诊断.表3参25