活性酵母对猪生长性能的影响试验

选取60头杜大长仔猪进行活性酵母菌对仔猪生长性能的影响试验,结果显示,饲料中添加活性酵母可以提高猪只的日增重、料肉比,在保育期添加活性酵母菌可以显著控制仔猪腹泻的发生,提高T淋巴细胞转化率,表明添加活性酵母菌在动物饲养过程中有良好的效果。     

仔猪下痢的防治

仔猪下痢是危害养猪业的一种严重疾病,根据作者多年的实践,观察,本病不仅发病率高,而且死亡严重是养猪业大敌.作者根据不同日龄和病因将猪下痢分为:一周龄以内仔猪发生的下痢;2～3周龄时发生的下痢;断奶期的下痢以及寄生虫引起的下痢和大肠杆菌引起的下痢.并对各种下痢的病因、临床症状和治措施进行了比较全面的探讨.     

仔猪嗅球区和球后区的细胞构筑

用冰冻切片和石蜡切片、Kluver-Barrera 染色法研究了60日龄仔猪脑的嗅球区和球后区。发现猪的嗅球和副嗅球是典型的哺乳动物构造。副嗅球位于嗅球的背内侧,呈长椭圆形,长约2mm。嗅脚内的前嗅核各部细胞群的位置和形状与通过嗅球界沟的平面和嗅脚向前伸向背外侧方的位置有关。嗅脚的背外侧较长,其内的前嗅核细胞群较长;嗅脚的腹内侧较短,其内的细胞群也较短。前嗅核的细胞由分化程度较少的中、小型细胞组成。前嗅核外侧部、背侧部和内侧部与相邻的皮质连续,其细胞排列也类似于皮质的分层结构。前嗅核内侧部的浅层有前海马皮质延伸来的锥体细胞,前海马皮质在嗅脚基部的内侧形成小隆起突出于脑表面。前嗅核外部的细胞群是“C”形带状,贴于与嗅球界沟邻接的纤维束,细胞较小。     

An Outbreak of Diarrhoea in One-week-old Piglets Caused by Group A Rotavirus Genotypes P[7],G3 and P[7],G5

Thirty-two group A isolates of rotavirus detected in faecal samples from diarrhoeic piglets, were selected for P and G genotyping using a Multiplex RT-PCR. Ten isolates, from animals less than 8 days old, characterized an outbreak of diarrhoea caused by group A rotavirus in animals. P[7],G3 (CRW8-like) and P[7],G5 (OSU-like) genotypes were detected in 5 animals each. Isolates of a group A rotavirus of genotypes compatible with the OSU prototype were those most frequently identified in single infections in older animals (20/32 strains). In addition to these, 20 isolates from piglets with diarrhoea caused by group A rotavirus, collected between May 1998 and June 1999, but not from the outbreak month, were analysed. These isolates were used to compare the types observed on the farm outside the outbreak in May 1999 and the CRW8-like genotype was found in none of these faecal samples. P[7],G5 was the most frequent genotype (10/20 strains). No outbreak of diarrhoea caused by rotavirus in 1-week-old piglets was found in any other period during the 13 months of this study.     

The Studies on the Grunting of Sows during Nursing and the Sucking Behaviour of Piglets

Two experiments were carried out to study the grunting of sows during nursing and the sucking be-haviour of piglets. In experimental I,six Yorkshire sows and their litters were observed and managed in farrowing crates.In experimental Ⅱ,six Harbin White sows and their litters were selected and housed in farrowing pens.The behaviours and activities of the sows during nursing and the actities of piglest during sucking were recorded with a portable video camera (PanasonicNV-VX22EN)The results showed that the characteristic patterns of grunting by the sows consist of an initial period of rhythmic grunting at a fairly constant rate and followesd by a period of more rapid grunting,and then a decline in grunting rate toward the completion of nursing.The pattern of vocalization showed by the mothers bears a reliable synchronization to the sucking behaviour of the piglets.The rate of grunting varied little during jostling for teat and nosing the udder.The beginning of slow sucking usually occurred during of just after the increase in grunt rate.The rapid sucking began 15-25seconds after the period of most rapid grunting,fol-lowingthe decrease of grunt rate.afterwards the nursing ended.There were individualities found in sows‘grunting patterns.It is found that vocalizations attracted the piglets to the sows and synchronized sucking activities of piglets,but the results indicated that the premassaging time and numbers of piglets enagaing massaging influ-enced the grunting pattern and the onset of the milk ejection.As more piglets were involved the massaging,the higher the grunting rate peak,the faster the milk ejection.     

Variation of Serum Protein Level in Xiang Piglets at Different Month of Age

Usual clinieal methods were used to determine the concentrations of serum protein,albumin and globulin in Xiang piglets from the lst month to the 6th month of age.Thirteen piglets(eight males and five females)born is Spring were selected from the Livestock Experimental Station of NEAU.The results showed that the serum protein level was different at different month of age.The lowest level was found at the 1st month of age,and the highest at the 4th month of age.The difference in serum protein concentration was significant between different months of age.There was ,however,no significant difference between sexes at the same month of age.     

不同品种断奶仔猪肠道发育的差异及与血清胰高血糖素样肽-2的关系

为考察不同品种断奶仔猪小肠发育的差异及肠绒毛高度与血清GLP-2的关系,本试验分别测定了不同品种仔猪24、26d和30d时的血清GLP-2浓度及30d时肠道发育参数,并分析了回肠绒毛高度与GLP-2的关系。结果表明:大×太猪的小肠长(相对长)、小肠重(相对重)显著高于长白猪(P0.05),小肠重显著高于太湖猪(P0.05),而太湖猪小肠相对重显著高于长白猪(P0.05),小肠相对长极显著高于长白猪(P0.01);大×太猪和长白猪的回肠肠壁厚度、绒毛高度和隐窝深度显著高于太湖猪(P0.05);30d时,大×太猪血清GLP-2水平最高,且极显著高于长白猪和太湖猪(P0.01),3种猪回肠绒毛高度与血清GLP-2极显著相关(P0.01)。表明30d时的大×太猪肠道发育优于太湖猪和长白猪,不同品种断奶仔猪的小肠绒毛高度与血清GLP-2水平高度相关。