Sargassum horneri as a Functional Food Ameliorated IgE/BSA-Induced Mast Cell Activation and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis in Mice

<em>Sargassum horneriem> (<em>S. horneriem>), an edible brown alga, has been proposed as a functional food with an improvement effect on abnormal skin immune responses. The present study investigates the anti-allergic effect of an ethanol extract from <em>S. horneriem> (SHE) on immunoglobulin E (IgE)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)-mediated activation in bone marrow-derived cultured-mast cells (BMCMCs) and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction in mice. SHE markedly and dose-dependently suppressed the degranulation of BMCMCs by reducing the β-hexosaminidase and histamine release without cytotoxicity. In addition, SHE significantly decreased the FcεRI expression on the surface of BMCMCs and its IgE binding. Moreover, SHE reduced the mRNA expression and the production of allergic cytokines; interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13; interferon (IFN)-γ and/or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; and a chemokine, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), by suppressing the activation of Src-family kinases and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling. In further study, the application of SHE reduced the PCA reaction in an IgE/BSA-induced type I allergic mice model. Taken together, we suggest that SHE has an anti-allergic effect in type I allergic responses.     

巨桉种源试验及其在我国适生范围的研究*

1987年在福建省长泰县和海南省琼海县进行了我国首次系统巨桉种源试验。参试种源来自澳大利亚的巨桉自然分布区、巴西的人工林和南非种子园。当巨桉林龄18个月时,长泰试验点平均高4.51m,胸径4.2cm,种源间差异均不显著;琼海试验点平均高4.45m,胸径3.6cm,种源间差异显著。地点间平均树高几乎相同,但胸径差异显著。试验发现,基因型与环境之间的交互作用明显。巨桉的种群变异可能是不规则的。应用GENSTAT统计程序进行的生物气候预测分析表明,巨桉在我国的适生范围大致始于温州,沿海岸与南岭平行至黔桂边界,向南经雷州半岛至海南岛东南,以及川、滇境内的一些不连续地区。     

泰山岱庙古树名木的现状与保护

为掌握泰山岱庙古村名木的生长状况，在进行调查的基础上分析了古树名木生长不利的因素，提出了泰山岱庙古树名木保护中存在的问题，并阐述了古树名木的保护措施。     

黄土高原沟壑区水土保持综合治理关键措施与组合研究

通过对黄土高原沟壑区 4条典型小流域的调查和治理模式的分析评价与系统研究 ,提出了适应于该地区的治理开发模式 ,初步确定了小流域不同单元水土保持综合治理的关键措施及其组合方案。     

模糊物元模型在新疆农业水资源可持续利用评价中的应用

在模糊物元分析的基础上,结合欧氏贴近度的概念,提出了基于欧氏贴近度的模糊物元分析方法。在对区域水资源可持续利用进行综合评价时,把各地区各开发利用阶段作为物元的事物,以它们的各项评价指标及其相应的模糊量值构造复合模糊物元,通过计算与标准模糊物元之间的欧氏贴近度,并采用层次分析法计算各评价指标的权重,实现对各地区水资源可持续利用的综合评价与排序。该模型被应用到新疆农业水资源可持续综合评价中,取得了较好的效果,对新疆水资源的开发具有重要的指导意义。     

日光温室内反光膜补光的实践与理论探析

试验结果表明 ,温室后墙悬挂反光膜进行补光后 ,对温室内测定点处最大光照度值无影响 ,但平均提高测定点处水平光照度值 15 4 8% ;温室内凌晨时气温、地温、墙温和被反光膜遮掩处墙温分别比对照温室低 1 1℃、1 5℃、0 9℃和 1 8℃ ,但正午时分别比对照温室高 1 6℃、1 4℃、0 3℃和低 11 4℃。温室经济产量增加 7 4 % ,当期经济效益增加 2 1元 /m2 。     

Prolonged elevated atmospheric CO2 does not affect decomposition of plant material

Prolonged elevated atmospheric CO₂ might alter decomposition. In a 90-day incubation study, we determined the long-term (9 years) impact of elevated CO₂ on N mineralization of <em>Lolium perenneem> and <em>Trifolium repensem> plant material grown at ambient and elevated CO₂ and low- and high-¹⁵N fertilizer additions. No significant differences were observed in eight="18" border="0" style="vertical-align:bottom" width="61" alt="View the MathML source" title="View the MathML source" src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0038071705001859-si4.gif"> recovery rates between any of the treatments, except an N addition effect was observed for <em>L. perenneem> (0.4 versus 0.5% eight="18" border="0" style="vertical-align:bottom" width="61" alt="View the MathML source" title="View the MathML source" src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0038071705001859-si5.gif"> day⁻¹ in high versus low N). The results suggest that elevated CO₂ did not change plant N mineralization in any of the soils, because of a surplus of available N in the fertilized and leguminous systems, and because of insignificant plant responses to elevated CO₂ in the low soil N availability systems.     

Hypertrophic gastropathy associated with gastric sarcoma in a dog

A 14-y-old spayed female Labrador Retriever was presented with an 8-mo history of chronic vomiting. Abdominal ultrasound and gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a mass protruding into the gastric lumen, with cytologic features suggestive of sarcoma. A partial gastrectomy was performed; the gastric body and antrum were thickened, with a cerebriform appearance of the mucosal surface. Histologic examination revealed a submucosal neoplastic proliferation of fusiform cells variably arranged in irregular bundles and scattered whorls. Fusiform cells strongly reacted to antibodies against vimentin, S100, and neuron-specific enolase; glial fibrillary acidic protein was moderately and multifocally expressed. Pancytokeratin, KIT, α–smooth muscle actin, and desmin were nonreactive. Histologic and immunohistochemical findings suggested a diagnosis of gastric sarcoma with features referable to a non-GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor), non–smooth muscle NIMT (non-angiogenic, non-lymphogenic intestinal mesenchymal tumor). The overlying gastric mucosa was thickened by elongated and dilated gastric glands, predominantly lined by intensely periodic acid-Schiff–stained mucous cells. This altered mucosal architecture was suggestive of M�e9;n�e9;trier-like disease. Although this disease has been hypothesized to predispose to gastric adenocarcinoma in dogs, an association with gastric sarcoma has not been documented previously in the veterinary literature, to our knowledge.     

白背飞虱和稻纵卷叶螟同时危害时的复合防治指标分析

针对白背飞虱和稻纵卷叶螟田间发生和防治的实际情况,通过试验建立"两迁"害虫同时危害时的回归方程,依据当地农业生产现状,计算得出实际经济允许损失N=16.16。由满足0.013X1+0.287X2-0.539=16.16,测得"两迁"害虫同时危害的一组动态的复合防治指标。