朱砂七总蒽醌研究概况

朱砂七是蓼科蓼属植物毛脉蓼的干燥块根,为“太白七药”之一。朱砂七所含化学成分主要包括蒽醌类、二苯乙烯类、鞣质、多糖等,蒽醌类为其主要成分之一。近年来,国内外许多研究已经证实朱砂七总蒽醌在抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎等方面作用显著,因其副作用低,而具有很好的开发及应用前景。论文简要概述朱砂七总蒽醌的化学组成、提取方法及相关药理作用的研究进展,为其进一步深入研究及开发利用提供依据。     

Triggering the biocontrol of Botrytis cinerea by Trichoderma harzianum through inhibition of pathogenicity and virulence related proteins

This study reports a strain of Trichoderma harzianum CCTCC-SBW0162 with potential to enhance biocontrol activity against gray mold pathogen, Botrytis cinerea, and with a pivotal role in tomato (Solanum esculentum) plant growth enhancement. A total of 254 Trichoderma isolates were screened by in vitro antagonistic assay. Of these, 10 were selected for greenhouse experiments based on their greater inhibition of B. cinerea. The in vitro antagonistic assay and greenhouse experiments indicated that T. harzianum CCTCC-SBW0162 gave the highest inhibition rate (90.6%) and disease reduction (80.7%). Also, to study the possible mechanism associated with antifungal activity of CCTCC-SBW0162 against B. cinerea, molecular docking was used to assess the interactions between CCTCC-SBW0162-derived metabolites, and pathogencity and virulence related proteins of B. cinerea. The molecular docking results indicated that the combination of harzianopyridone, harzianolide and anthraquinone C derived from CCTCC-SBW0162 could synergistically improve antifungal activity against B. cinerea through the inhibition/modification of pathogenicity and virulence related proteins. However, this computerized modeling work emphasized the need for further study in the laboratory to confirm the effect T. harzianum-derived metabolites against the proteins of B. cinerea and their interactions.     

漆酶/ABTS介质系统对蒽醌染料的脱色效果

为提高蒽醌类染料废水的脱色率,以红芝(Ganoderma lucidum)发酵所得漆酶粗酶液与ABTS组成漆酶/ABTS介质系统对蒽醌染料活性艳蓝KN-R进行了脱色试验,分别考察不同pH、温度、ABTS加入量、酶加入量、金属离子等条件对活性艳蓝KN-R脱色的影响.结果表明:最优脱色条件为pH4.0,温度30℃,ABTS...     

Synthesis and Antitumor Activities of Derivatives of the Marine Mangrove Fungal Metabolite Deoxybostrycin

Deoxybostrycin (1) is an anthraquinone compound derived from the marine mangrove fungus Nigrospora sp. No. 1403 and has potential to be a lead for new drugs because of its various biological properties. A series of new derivatives (2–22) of deoxybostrycin were synthesized. The in vitro cytotoxicity of all the new compounds was tested against MDA-MB-435, HepG2 and HCT-116 cancer cell lines. Most of the compounds exhibit strong cytotoxicity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.62 to 10 μM. Compounds 19, 21 display comparable cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-435 to epirubicin, the positive control. The primary screening results indicate that the deoxybostrycin derivatives might be a valuable source of new potent anticancer drug candidates.     

Synergistic interaction of physcion and chrysophanol on plant powdery mildew

The extract of the plant Rheum officinale Baill, mainly containing the anthraquinones physcion and chrysophanol, is highly active against plant powdery mildew. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse to determine the interaction of the two compounds on cucumber powdery mildew [Sphaerotheca fuliginea (Schlecht.) Poll] and on wheat powdery mildew [Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer f. sp. tritici Marchal]. Physcion was much more bioactive than chrysophanol against these powdery mildews. There was a significant synergistic interaction between the two compounds on the diseases when the ratios of physcion to chrysophanol ranged from 1:9 to 5:5. The synergistic degree increased with increase in the chrysophanol proportion in the combination. The findings indicate that, in order to ensure constant efficacy of the extract on the disease, both the contents and the proportion of the main active ingredients physcion and chrysophanol have to be determined.     

福建决明属植物种子的蒽醌类物质比较

应用紫外可见分光光度法和高效液相色谱法测定福建8种决明属植物种子生品蒽醌类物质的含量,并对决明子药材评价指标进行初步分析.结果表明:不同决明属植物种蒽醌类物质总含量及组成有明显不同,钝叶决明的橙黄决明素、大黄酸含量最高,分别为1.383,0.557 mg·g-1;决明的大黄酚含量最高,为0.902mg· g-1;双荚决明和望江南的大黄素甲醚含量较高,分别为1.850、1.310 mg·g-1.翅荚决明、羽叶决明、圆叶决明均未检出橙黄决明素,大黄酸、大黄素,大黄酚、大黄素甲醚.随着植物种的变化,决明属植物种子的大黄素甲醚变异系数最高为0.302,橙黄决明素变异系数次高为0.278.大黄酸与大黄酚、橙黄决明素的相关系数分别为o.809,o.749.     

微波萃取与常规提取方法对大黄总蒽醌提取率的影响

试验研究了大黄总蒽醌的微波辅助提取、超声提取和索氏提取方法，并利用分光光度法测定了提取液中总蒽醌的含量。结果表明：微波辅助提取法的提取率最高(1．91％)，是超声法的1．13倍，是索氏提取法的1．29倍。微波辅助提取法仅需10min，而索氏法和超声法分别需要90，30min。微波辅助提取法用于中药大黄的提取，具有高效、省时的特点。     

大虎杖花蒽醌类化学成分的鉴定

对大虎杖Reynoutria sachalinensis的花进行化学成分研究，采用甲醇加热回流提取，正己烷、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇分别萃取，利用常规硅胶柱层析方法从正己烷萃取物和乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到了甾醇和蒽醌类化合物，通过化学和质谱，紫外、红外和核磁等光谱分析分别被鉴定为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol，Ⅰ)、大黄素(emodin，Ⅱ)、大黄素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyrancoside，Ⅲ)和大黄素甲醚-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyrancoside，Ⅳ)。其中化合物Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ属于蒽醌类物质。参20     

H1020大孔树脂纯化芦荟蒽醌的工艺研究

研究不同条件下H1020大孔树脂对芦荟总蒽醌纯化工艺中静态及动态吸附和解吸效果的影响.结果表明:H1020大孔树脂纯化芦荟中蒽醌类物质的最佳条件为:室温(20～30℃)下,溶液pH=4,以流速为1.0 mL/min、吸附原液浓度2.0 mg/mL进行吸附,用ψ=70%的乙醇溶液进行洗脱.在此条件下将芦荟蒽醌粗提取物经3次上柱纯化后.总蒽醌含量从3.71%升高到47.9%,纯度提高12.91倍.     

PCR-DGGE 技术分析不同染料对厌氧污泥中微生物群落结构的影响

为了揭示在生物法处理印染废水过程中废水所含染料种类的变化对厌氧脱色菌群群落结构的影响,采用8种不同的染料进行浓度梯度驯化从厌氧污泥中富集得到的脱色菌群,测定了驯化后菌群对其驯化染料的脱色率,并将获得的各个菌群基因组DNA以细菌16S rDNA V3区通用引物进行PCR扩增,将扩增产物进行变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE),获得菌群的基因组DNA特征指纹图谱.脱色试验结果显示,经偶氮染料驯化后的菌群对其驯化染料的脱色率要高于经蒽醌染料驯化的菌群.DGGE图谱表明经不同染料驯化后,菌群结构发生了显著变化,其中菌群经活性黑5和酸性蓝127驯化后菌种数减少明显.另外,对菌群的12条优势菌条带进行克隆测序,通过Blast比对,它们分别属于乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、肠球菌属(Enterococcus)、乳球菌属(Lactococcus)和双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium),在菌群对染料的脱色过程中发挥了重要作用.