PTP1B基因敲除小鼠的繁育及基因鉴定

[目的]探讨PTP1B基因敲除小鼠的繁殖和鉴定方法,为进一步研究蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶的功能奠定基础。[方法]将所引进的杂合子小鼠进行饲养并繁殖,繁殖成功后其子代中将会出现野生型、杂合子以及纯合子3种基因型。提取子鼠鼠尾基因组DNA,利用PCR方法扩增野生型和敲除基因片段,并根据基因片段长度来判断小鼠的基因型。[结果]PTP1B基因杂合子小鼠互交繁殖结果基本符合孟德尔遗传规律,PTP1B基因缺失纯合子小鼠无繁殖能力。[结论]利用PCR方法能够准确鉴定PTP1B基因突变小鼠基因型。     

Polyhydroxy p-Terphenyls from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus candidus LDJ-5

Six undescribed polyhydroxy p-terphenyls, namely asperterphenyllins A–F, were isolated from an endophytic fungus Aspergillus candidus LDJ-5. Their structures were determined by NMR and MS data. Differing from the previously reported p-terphenyls, asperterphenyllin A represents the first p-terphenyl dimer connected by a C-C bond. Asperterphenyllin A displayed anti-influenza virus A (H1N1) activity and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 53 μM and 21 μM, respectively. The anti-influenza virus A (H1N1) activity and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity of p-terphenyls are reported for the first time. Asperterphenyllin G exhibited cytotoxicity against nine cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.4 to 1.7 μM. Asperterphenyllin C showed antimicrobial activity against Proteus species with a MIC value of 19 μg/mL.     

Effect of PTP4A3 gene on tumor growth and metastasis

PTP4A3 is an oncogene, which encodes phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL)-3 protein that is a metastasis-associated phosphorylase. At present, a number of studies have found that it promotes cell proliferation, cell motility, cell invasion, tumor metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Therefore, it is inseparable with the occurrence and development of cancer. Here, we summarize the relationship betweenPTP4A3 gene and the occurrence and development of cancer, the alteration ofPTP4A3gene expression and the functional role ofPTP4A3 gene in a variety of cancers. This review will help us to understand the correlation betweenPTP4A3 gene and cancer as well as the mechanism of signaling pathway, providing new insights ofPTP4A3 gene targeting strategy for treating cancer.     

A Study on the Mathematical Model of Postal Transportation Problem

The Postal Transportation Problem(PTP)is a very complex transportation problem. It has not any very effective solving method at present. This paper systemically analyze and define the problem according to its range, capability and time limit restrictions, random factors, dynamic factors, preferential factors, optimization objectives, cost composing, and so on. The multiobjective optimization mathematical modelof PTP is established and its relational problems are also analyzed. And the model is made up of 12 kinds of restraint conditions and three optimization objectives which are the whole transportation cost, average transportation time of mail and average use ratio of cars. This will be in favor of further study of PTP. The successful development of a logistics scheduling and dispatching optimization software based on the model and its corresponding algorithm proves the correctness of the model.[WT5HZ]     

Woodylides A-C, new cytotoxic linear polyketides from the South China Sea sponge Plakortis simplex

Three new polyketides, woodylides A–C (1–3), were isolated from the ethanol extract of the South China Sea sponge Plakortis simplex. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data (IR, 1D and 2D NMR, and HRESIMS). The absolute configurations at C-3 of 1 and 3 were determined by the modified Mosher’s method. Antifungal, cytotoxic, and PTP1B inhibitory activities of these polyketides were evaluated. Compounds 1 and 3 showed antifungal activity against fungi Cryptococcus neoformans with IC₅₀ values of 3.67 and 10.85 µg/mL, respectively. In the cytotoxicity test, compound 1 exhibited a moderate effect against the HeLa cell line with an IC₅₀ value of 11.2 µg/mL, and compound 3 showed cytotoxic activity against the HCT-116 human colon tumor cell line and PTP1B inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 9.4 and 4.7 µg/mL, respectively.     

烟草赤星病菌代谢产物对烟草BY-2细胞ROS爆发和ATP损耗的诱导?

 【目的】本文以烟草BY-2细胞为实验材料,探讨赤星病菌代谢产物（metabolic products of Alternaria alternata,MP）对烟草BY-2细胞活性氧（reactive oxygen species,ROS）产生和ATP含量变化的影响以及产生这种影响的原因。【方法】用10% MP处理烟草BY-2细胞,用氧电极检测不同时间MP处理后,烟草BY-2细胞呼吸速率和呼吸途径的变化,同时分析BY-2细胞内H2O2产生和ATP含量等的变化。【结果】 MP处理导致了烟草BY-2细胞H2O2爆发和ATP含量下降,此外MP处理也导致了烟草BY-2细胞总呼吸速率、细胞色素途径（cytochrome pathway）和及交替氧化酶途径（AOX）的下降,并且造成线粒体渗透转换孔（permeability transition pore,PTP）开放和细胞色素c释放。【结论】 MP对BY-2细胞呼吸速率和细胞色素途径的抑制不可避免地导致胞内ATP含量下降,此外MP诱导的烟草BY-2细胞氧化磷酸化的解偶联作用是MP导致胞内ATP含量下降的另一重要原因。而MP对 AOX途径的抑制则是诱导胞内ROS爆发的重要原因。     

PTP1B抑制剂1-（2,4-二羟基苯）-3-（萘-2-基）丙-2-烯-1-酮的合成及生物活性研究

以2,4-二羟基苯乙酮为起始原料,经过氯甲基甲醚保护、克莱森-施密特缩合和脱保护3步反应,合成了化合物1-（2,4-二羟基苯）-3-（萘-2-基）丙-2-烯-1-酮（3）。采用IR、^1H—NM R、^13C-NMR、MS等进行了结构表征。通过比色法对化合物1-（2,4-二羟基苯）-3-（萘-2-基）丙-2-烯-1-酮（3）进行蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶PTP1B（protein tyrosine phosphatase1B,PTP1B）抑制活性测定,结果显示化合物3质量浓度为20μg／mL时,化合物3的PTP1B酶抑制率分别为93．45％,表明化合物3具有较好的PTP1B酶抑制活性。     

微孢子虫侵染研究进展

微孢子虫种类繁多,侵染寄主过程十分复杂,pH值、离子种类及浓度、温度、射线等都能激活孢子发芽侵入寄主.近年来微孢子虫侵染机理研究已从激活因子推进到孢子生理生化的研究.研究表明:微孢子虫孢内糖类物质浓度的变化与孢子内压升高,诱发极丝的弹出密切相关;同时,微孢子虫孢子的表面蛋白、极膜和极管蛋白(PTP)在孢子侵染寄主过程中扮演着重要角色.     

一种(鱼师)鱼诺卡氏菌酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酶基因的克隆及功能初步研究

這鱼诺卡氏菌是鱼类诺卡氏菌病的主要病原,可导致鱼类慢性系统性肉芽肿疾病.這鱼诺卡氏菌全基因组序列分析发现了一个酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酶(protein tyrosine phosphtase,PTP)基因,生物信息学分析显示该基因很可能编码一个靶向定位于宿主细胞线粒体的分泌蛋白.本实验对這鱼诺卡氏菌PTP进行了基因克隆、分泌蛋白鉴定、亚细胞定位、过表达和线粒体膜电位检测,结果显示,在這鱼诺卡氏菌胞外产物中质谱鉴定到了PTP肽段,证实其为分泌蛋白.亚细胞定位研究观察到PTP-GFP融合蛋白均匀地分布在FHM细胞中,与线粒体分布不重合,说明這鱼诺卡氏菌PTP蛋白并未靶向定位于线粒体.亚细胞定位和过表达研究都显示PTP蛋白在FHM细胞中表达后,细胞核出现固缩浓染、凋亡小体等明显的细胞凋亡特征.通过线粒体膜电位检测表明,在pcDNA-PTP转染后48 h,线粒体跨膜电位被明显破坏,说明這鱼诺卡氏菌PTP很可能是一种可诱导细胞凋亡的细菌蛋白.通过对這鱼诺卡氏菌PTP开展基因克隆和功能初步研究,为进一步揭示该基因的功能和深入了解這鱼诺卡氏菌的分子致病机理奠定了基础.     

Structure Revision and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitory Activity of Drazepinone

From the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sumatrense (Trichocomaceae), a pair of enantiomers [(+)-1 and (−)-1] were isolated with identical 1D NMR data to drazepinone, which was originally reported to have a trisubstituted naphthofuroazepinone skeleton. In this study, we confirmed the structures of the two enantiomers as drazepinone and revised their structures by detailed analysis of extensive 2D NMR data and a comparison of the calculated ¹³C chemical shifts, ECD, VCD, and ORD spectra with those of the experiment ones. (+)-1 and (−)-1 were evaluated for their PTP inhibitory activity in vitro. (−)-1 showed selective PTP inhibitory activity against PTP1B and TCPTP with IC₅₀ values of 1.56 and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively.