羊踯躅联合石菖蒲治疗急性踝关节扭伤的临床观察

目的 观察羊踯躅联合石菖蒲治疗踝关节扭伤的临床疗效。方法 将232例急性踝关节扭伤的患者随机分为2组各116例，治疗组运用羊踯躅联合石菖蒲外敷治疗，对照组采用扶他林乳胶剂外敷治疗，治疗10天后比较2组的临床疗效。结果 治疗组总有效率为93.1%，对照组为78.4%，治疗组疗效明显优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 羊踯躅联合石菖蒲外敷治疗急性踝关节扭伤为安全有效的方法。     

樱桃结果母枝直径与开花习性的相关性分析

为了探讨影响樱桃[Cerasus pseudocerasus(Lindl.)G.Don]开花习性的内在因素及机理,研究了樱桃结果母枝直径与开花习性的相关性。结果表明,樱桃结果母枝直径与结果母枝长度和总芽量之间呈高度正相关,与叶芽量、4朵花芽量和4朵花量之间呈显著正相关,与萌芽率、3朵花芽量和3朵花量之间呈显著负相关,与2朵花芽量、总花芽量和2朵花量之间呈低度负相关,与总花量呈负相关。作图分析结果表明,樱桃结果母枝直径以4.4~6.5 mm最好,其次以6.5~7.3 mm较好;回归分析结果表明,樱桃结果母枝直径与结果母枝长度、总芽量、叶芽量、萌芽率、2朵花芽量、3朵花芽量、4朵花芽量、总花芽量和总花量等指标的回归曲线都符合二次回归方程。建议可以通过培养优质枝梢来提高花的质量,通过调查樱桃结果母枝直径来预测各类花芽量和开花量等指标。     

Effect of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Intestinal Structure of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on growth performance,immune function and intestinal structure of broilers. A total of 270 one-day-old healthy Tiejiaoma broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate.Control group was fed with the basal diet,group Ⅱ was fed with basal diet adding 8% flavomycin 60 mg/kg +15% aureomycin 270 mg/kg and group Ⅲ was fed with basal diet adding 1% Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara. The trial period lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follow:① At 21 days of age,the average daily feed intake of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the average daily gain and F/G among the three groups (P>0.05).②At 21 days of age,the thymus and bursa of Fabricius indexes of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05);But the spleen index were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).③ At 21 days of age,the content of IgA and IgM in serum of groups Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IgG in serum of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05).④At 21 days of age,the content of IL-2,TNF-α and sIgA in intestinal mucosa of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IL-6 in intestinal mucosa of group Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).⑤At 21 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),the villus height/crypt depth of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). However,the crypt depth was not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).In conclusion,that Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara could not affect the growth performance of broilers,but it could improve the development of immune organs,increase the secretion of serum immunoglobulin, promote the immune function of intestinal mucosa and intestinal morphology of jejunum.     

金荞麦和玉米混合青贮对其营养成分和发酵品质的影响

将初花期金荞麦(Fagopyrum dibotrys(D.Don)Hara.)与青贮玉米(Zea mays L.)按比例混合青贮,通过感官评价、营养成分分析和有机酸含量比较,探究两者的最佳青贮混合比例。试验设金荞麦与青贮玉米混合的比例共6组,分别为100:0(CK),10:90(A),30:70(B),50:50(C),70:30(D)和90:10(E),青贮40天后开封检测。结果表明:随着金荞麦比例的增加,青贮饲料感官品质下降,pH显著升高(P0.05),粗蛋白、粗灰分、钙、磷的含量均显著提高(P0.05),粗脂肪、干物质含量显著下降(P0.05)。通过对青贮饲料有机酸含量进行评价,其变化情况与感官评价及pH变化一致,即金荞麦比例越高,评价得分越低。综合考虑,青贮饲料中金荞麦比例不宜过高,从金荞麦利用最大化角度出发,以B组比例青贮为佳。     

不同植物生长调节剂对金荞麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

以不同浓度的GA3、6-BA和IAA浸种24 h,通过比较浸种后种子萌发以及幼苗生长各项指标来研究植物生长调节剂浸种对金荞麦种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响.结果表明,在本试验处理浓度范围内,150 mg/L的GA3浸种后种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、平均鲜重、平均株高、平均根长、叶绿素含量、POD活力分别提高37.7％、39.6％、68.3％、75.6％、17.7％、20.5％、18.7％、68％.而用0.1 mg/L 6-BA和25 mg/L IAA浸种后各项指标与对照相比均显著增加.3种植物生长调节剂综合比较表明,150 mg/L的GA3对金荞麦种子萌发和幼苗生长作用效果最为理想.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定遍山红中8种化学成分含量

【目的】建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定遍山红中没食子酸、二氢杨梅素、原儿茶酸、芦丁、杨梅苷、齐墩果酸、槲皮素、山柰酚化学成分含量的方法,以期更好地控制遍山红的药材质量,为其药用开发提供科学依据。【方法】采用ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱、乙腈-0.2%磷酸为流动相、流速0.6 m L/min、柱温28℃的HPLC测定广西都安县4个采集点(弄苍队、卜凡队、弄外队、百外队)遍山红中8种化学成分的含量。【结果】260 nm是测定混合对照品溶液和遍山红供试液中8种化学成分的最大波长。4个采集点遍山红中8种化学成分的含量范围:没食子酸1.53~1.75 mg/g、原儿茶酸1.11~1.28 mg/g、二氢杨梅素0.99~1.44 mg/g、芦丁0.34~0.42 mg/g、杨梅苷1.58~1.83 mg/g、齐墩果酸0.63~0.77mg/g、槲皮素1.03~1.11 mg/g、山柰酚0.65~0.69 mg/g。8种化学成分质量浓度与峰面积线性关系及色谱峰分离效果均良好(r0.9990);没食子酸、原儿茶酸、二氢杨梅素、芦丁、杨梅苷、齐墩果酸、槲皮素和山柰酚的进样量范围分别为7.20~43.20、3.36~20.16、5.92~35.52、1.60~9.60、6.40~38.40、3.68~22.08、3.20~19.20和3.52~21.12μg/m L,对应的平均加样回收率为101.72%、96.49%、97.04%、99.79%、99.80%、99.44%、101.52%和96.63%。【结论】建立的HPLC具有操作简便、准确可靠、灵敏度高、重现性好等优点,可用于遍山红的质量控制。     

三叶香茶菜扦插繁殖试验

以三叶香茶菜[Rabdosia ternifolia(D.Don)Hara]当年生植株不同部位的枝条作为试验材料,通过不同浓度的生长激素IBA和NAA处理,考察IBA和NAA浓度及不同的扦插时间对其扦插生根的影响。结果表明,200 mg/L的IBA和NAA组合处理效果均优于其他浓度处理,经方差分析可知,各处理间生根率存在明显的差异,以IBA处理影响最大,对根长和发根数的影响不显著,但可明显促进其增加。试验显示,在5月份扦插,200 mg/L IBA+200 mg/L NAA浸泡12 h处理的三叶香茶菜枝条生根效果最好,生根率高达75.8%。     

超声波-微波协同法提取分蘖葱头有机硫化合物的工艺优化及其组分分析

以分蘖葱头为试材,采用超声波-微波协同法提取有机硫化合物,进行分蘖葱头有机硫化合物工艺优化试验,并利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对提取物组分进行分离鉴定,以期为进一步研究和开发分蘖葱头功能组分提供参考依据。结果表明:最佳提取工艺为微波温度55℃、料液比1∶8 g·mL^-1、协同时间6 min、搅拌转速300 r·min^-1、超声波功率500 W,该条件下有机硫化合物得率为0.2771%±0.0023%。该条件得到15种有机硫化合物,含量较高的是噻吩类39.0678%±0.0043%,其次是三硫化合物14.1570%±0.0071%和硫醚类7.3872%±0.0052%,其中含量相对较高的有机硫化合物为2,4-二甲基噻吩、3,5-二乙基-1,2,4-三硫杂环戊烷、二烯丙基二硫醚。     

Removal of trichloroethylene from aqueous solution by pyrolyzed Japanese cedar bark

The bark of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) was heated in an N₂ atmosphere at 300–900C for 3h to investigate the surface properties of the pyrolyzed residuces and their ability to remove trichloroethylene (TCE) from aqueous solutions. The specific surface areas (S _N) and total pore volumes (V _N) of the pyrolyzed barks steadily increased with rising pyrolysis temperature; no significant differences in the average pore diameters (D _N) were observed at higher temperatures (600–900C). The adsorption capacities of the pyrolyzed residues for TCE were determined under batch mode conditions using an aqueous solution containing 500g TCE dm^–3. The adsorption data were well fitted to the Freundlich equation. The adsorption capacity of the bark pyrolyzed at 900C was about five times larger than that of commercial activated carbon.This study was presented at the 10th International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry, Yokohama, June 1999     

西南桤木木塑复合材料的研究

采用乙烯基类系列单体——丙烯腈(AN)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸(AA)三元共聚单体注入西南桤木木材中，制成新型的高分子复合材料(AMA—WPC)。单体的注入用满细胞法，聚合用热引发法，并采用添加氯化锌对木材细胞壁进行活化等工艺对木塑复合材进行了研究和分析。实验样品按照国标GBl927—1943有关规定进行测试，并结合傅立叶红外光谱和扫描电镜探讨了各因素对AMA—WPC材料接枝率及性能的影响。结果表明：改性后西南桤木木塑复合材料具有优异的物理、力学性能。与素材相比较，AMA—WPC的密度提高了59．8％，顺纹抗压强度提高了76．7％，抗弯强度提高了90．4％，抗弯弹性模量提高22．2％，端面硬度提高102．3％，径面硬度提高153．6％，弦面硬度提高152．2％，吸水率降低56．7％，湿膨胀率降低19．0％。