Antitumor effect of allicin on esophageal cancer EC109 cells compared with chemotherapeutics in vitro

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of allicin on human esophageal cancer cell line EC109 and its possible mechanism by comparison with chemotherapeutic drugs. METHODS: The EC109 cells were treated with different concentrations of allicin, 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin. The cell viability was detected by CCK8 assay and the activity of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) was analyzed at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The apoptosis of the EC109 cells induced by Z-VAD-FMK, allicin, allicin+Z-VAD-FMK, 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC and PI double staining. The enzyme activity changes of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 were detected by spectrophotometry. RESULTS: Allicin had inhibitory effect on the growth of the EC109 cells and killed them in concentration-dependent and time-dependent manners. LDH activity was decreased compared with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin. The increased activity of caspase-3 and caspase-8 in allicin-treated cells was statistically significant, but caspase-9 activity changed without statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Allicin inhibits the growth of EC109 cells in concentration-and time-dependent manners through extrinsic apoptosis pathways activated by caspase-8, and the side effects are weaker compared with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin.     

Allicin attenuates macrophage-derived foam cell apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-12

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of allicin on apoptosis and caspase-12 activation of macrophage-derived foam cells, and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: RAW264.7 macrophages were pretreated with allicin (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/L) or 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA, 4 mmol/L) for 1 h and then treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL, 100 mg/L) or tunicamycin (TM, 4 mg/L) for 24 h. The cell viability and apoptosis were examined by MTT assay and flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, respectively. The activities of caspase-3 in the cells and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in the medium were measured. The protein levels of caspase-12 were determined by Western blot. The intracellular lipid accumulation was measured with oil red O staining and the content of intracellular total cholesterol was determined by enzymatic colorimetry. RESULTS: Similar to the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) inhibitor PBA, allicin inhibited ox-LDL-induced injury of RAW264.7 macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner, as determined by the increased cell viability and the decreased LDH leakage, apoptosis and caspase-3 activity. The decrease in cell viability and increases in LDH leakage and apoptosis induced by TM (an ERS inducer) were also suppressed by allicin. Moreover, similar to PBA, allicin remarkably inhibited ox-LDL- or TM-induced activation of caspase-12. Furthermore, allicin remarkably attenuated ox-LDL-induced lipid accumulation in the RAW264.7 cells and foam cells formation in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Allicin may inhibit macrophage-derived foam cell apoptosis induced by ox-LDL, and the mechanism is partially related to suppressing the activation of caspase-12.     

5%蒜精油水乳剂对三种棉花致病菌的毒力作用

试验采用生长速率法测试了 5 %蒜精油水乳剂对棉花立枯丝核菌、棉花串珠镰孢菌和棉花尖镰孢萎蔫专化型真菌的室内毒力 ,三者的EC50 分别为 1 9.4mg/L、7.1mg/L、2 0 .6mg/L ,表明 5 %蒜精油水乳剂对 3种病原菌均有明显的抑制作用。试验结果为 5 %蒜精油水乳剂应用于棉花病害的防治提供了依据。     

大蒜素对产蛋鸡生产性能和血清生化指标的影响

选用240只62周龄宝万斯褐壳蛋鸡,随机分成4个处理组,每组设置4个重复,每个重复15只鸡,大蒜素的添加量分别为0,50,100 mg/kg和150 mg/kg日粮,各处理基础日粮相同,试验期5周。研究不同水平大蒜素对蛋鸡生产性能、盲肠微生物和血清生化指标的影响。结果显示,50 mg/kg和100 mg/kg的大蒜素可显著降低蛋鸡料蛋比(P<0.05),各大蒜素组显著抑制盲肠大肠杆菌(P<0.05),提高了血清白蛋白的水平(P<0.05)。     

品种及栽培条件对大蒜鳞茎中大蒜素含量的影响

探讨了不同品种及栽培条件对大蒜鳞茎中大蒜素含量的影响。结果表明,不同大蒜品种大蒜素含量差异显著,其中兰州紫皮大蒜素含量最高,为10. 52μg·g-1。密度、土壤相对含水量、土壤类型及采收期都对鳞茎中大蒜素含量有一定的影响。其中,密度以每公顷52. 5万株最为适宜,此时大蒜素含量为8. 39μg·g-1,比常规对照高出8. 1 %;当土壤相对含水量达40 %时,大蒜素含量较高,为6. 03μg·g-1;砂壤土有利于鳞茎中大蒜素含量的提高;为提高鳞茎中大蒜素含量,不宜提早采收大蒜。     

不同蒜素制剂对果实病原菌抑菌能力的研究

通过抑菌圈测定得出,不同工艺制取大蒜提取液的抑菌能力不同,并与蒜素含量呈现一定的相关关系。以苹果青霉菌等５种果实病原菌为试材,测出蒜素提取液、天然蒜精油和人工蒜素的最低抑菌浓度（ＭＢＣ）为１．２５～２．００ｇ·Ｌ－１,抑菌能力强于多菌灵和苯甲酸２倍以上。     

论药食同源之大蒜

大蒜是世界性的药食同源植物,其营养、药用成分及功能得到了广泛关注和研究。本文从传统医学实践到现代生物医学实验的不同层面和维度对大蒜的食用和药用价值,以及功能性成分、药理作用的国内外研究进展进行了综述,并讨论了大蒜的合理开发利用和药食产业发展前景。     

大蒜溶液对小鼠小肠黏膜结构、上皮内淋巴细胞和杯状细胞的影响

用组织学和组织化学方法研究不同浓度的大蒜素溶液对小鼠小肠黏膜结构及部分黏膜免疫相关细胞分布与数量的影响.试验选用8周龄BALB/C雄鼠50只,分为5组,每组10只,每组分别饲喂5种不同浓度的大蒜素溶液,每天80ml,实验期为10天.结果显示,1%大蒜素溶液对小鼠小肠肠绒毛长度、V/C比值、黏膜厚度,黏膜免疫相关细胞数量影响最大,对改善和增强小鼠小肠的消化吸收功能,提高肠道的防御能力效果最佳.     

大蒜素提取工艺的研究

[目的]探讨乙醇溶剂提取法下的大蒜素提取的最优工艺.[方法]通过对前人研究大蒜素提取工艺成果的分析,以其中最具有研究前景的溶剂提取法作为研究对象,选取最具有争议的4个影响因素做了正交试验,分别是酶解温度、酶解时间、提取时间和提取温度.[结果]试验显示,取料液比1∶4 g/ml,以95％的乙醇为溶剂,蒜泥在40℃下酶解20 min,在30 ℃下提取80 min是最优的提取工艺.其中酶解温度是最为重要的影响因素,也是在正交分析中唯一达到显著水平的因素,该优化工艺条件下大蒜素的提取率为2.41‰.[结论]研究可为大蒜素的工业化生产提供参考依据.     

大蒜素对肉鸡生产性能和免疫机能的影响

选择1日龄爱拔益加(AA)商品肉鸡135只,随机分成3组(A、B、C),每组设3个重复,每个重复15只.A组为空白对照组,饲喂基础日粮;B组为在基础日粮中添加50 mg/kg洛克沙生和750 mg/kg 10％金霉素;C组在基础日粮中添加200 mg/kg大蒜素,研究大蒜素对肉鸡生产性能和免疫机能的影响.结果表明,与A组相比,大蒜素组在21、42日龄都能显著提高肉鸡的体重、日增重和成活率,显著降低21日龄料重比(P＜0.05),但42日龄料重比降低不明显,采食量在42日龄明显增加(P＜0.01);与B组相比.21日龄大蒜素组也能显著提高肉鸡体重(P＜0.01)、日增重(P＜0.05),降低料重比(P＞0.05),在42日龄大蒜素组也使肉鸡体重、日增重增加,料重比下降(P＞0.05);与A组相比,日粮中添加大蒜素后肉鸡胸腺指数和新城疫抗体效价显著提高(P＜0.05),但法氏囊指数和脾脏指数有所下降(P＞0.05);与B组相比,胸腺指数和新城疫抗体效价也有所增加(P＞0.05).这说明大蒜素具有促进肉鸡生长和提高免疫功能的效果.