表达伪狂犬病毒gC糖蛋白基因重组腺病毒的构建及其免疫效果

通过双酶切将伪狂犬病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)Fa株gC囊膜糖蛋白基因片段亚克隆到5型腺病毒AdMax系统穿梭质粒pDC316中,得到pDC316-gC。用此质粒与腺病毒DNA辅助质粒pBHGloxΔ E1,3Cre共转染293细胞,包装出重组腺病毒Adv-gC。通过PCR鉴定和病毒空斑纯化,得到纯的高效价Adv-gC病毒液。间接免疫荧光实验证明此重组病毒能表达PRV gC蛋白。该病毒经肌注免疫Balb/c小鼠,能诱导小鼠产生特异的体液和细胞免疫反应。攻毒试验表明,此重组病毒能提供100%的免疫保护。     

表达猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒N蛋白的重组腺病毒的构建及其免疫原性分析

【目的】 利用腺病毒AdMax系统表达载体表达猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）核衣壳蛋白（nucleocapsid protein）,并研究其免疫原性。【方法】 参考GenBank中已公布的PRRSV N基因序列（登录号：KT945017.1）,人工合成PRRSV N基因,并将其连接至腺病毒穿梭载体pDC316-mCMV-EGFP,转化大肠杆菌Top10感受态细胞,构建重组穿梭质粒pDC316-N。将重组穿梭质粒pDC316-N与AdMax腺病毒系统的骨架质粒PBHGLOX （delta） E1,3Cre共同转染293A细胞,获得重组腺病毒rAd-N,对获得的重组腺病毒液进行PCR和测序鉴定,用鉴定正确的rAd-N病毒液感染293A细胞,对该重组腺病毒进行扩大培养,检测病毒的TCID₅₀,并用RT-PCR和Western blotting检测重组腺病毒的表达和反应原性。用重组腺病毒免疫小鼠,收集血清用PRRSV抗体检测试剂盒检测其抗体水平,初步评价其对小鼠的免疫效果。【结果】 PCR扩增出1条大小为400 bp的PRRSV N基因条带,测序结果正确,表明重组腺病毒构建成功,浓缩后测得其半数组织培养感染剂量（TCID₅₀）为10^-10.239。RT-PCR和Western blotting检测结果证实目的基因在基因和蛋白水平上均可得到正确表达,蛋白分子质量约为14 ku。小鼠特异性抗体检测表明,重组腺病毒rAd-N免疫小鼠后可使小鼠快速产生PRRSV特异性抗体,与对照组差异显著（P<0.05）,其中重组腺病毒与Gel佐剂配合使用时效果最好,最高可达7.84 U/L。【结论】 本研究成功构建表达PRRSV N蛋白的重组腺病毒,其具有良好的免疫原性,为建立针对PRRSV抗体的间接ELISA检测方法和进一步研发PRRSV抗体检测试剂盒奠定基础。     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒E0-E2基因融合腺病毒的构建及小鼠免疫效果评价

【目的】 研究牛病毒性腹泻病毒（Bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV）E0和E2串联基因重组腺病毒作为基因工程疫苗的应用潜力。【方法】 采用PCR扩增、E0-E2基因融合并构建重组穿梭质粒pDC316-E0-E2,将其与AdMax腺病毒系统的骨架质粒共转染HEK293T细胞包装成重组腺病毒,通过Western blotting进行验证,并通过Reed-Muench法测定病毒滴度,通过肌内、皮下免疫接种小鼠后用ELISA方法及流式细胞检测进行免疫效果试验。【结果】 成功扩增到E0、E2基因目的片段,大小分别为681和1 122 bp,得到了完整的腺病毒Ad5-E0-E2;测定其滴度为1.1×10¹⁰ PFU/mL;Western blotting检测结果显示,Ad5-E0-E2外源基因在HEK293T细胞中表达,得到了与预期相符的目的条带（65 ku）;ELISA检测结果表明,通过肌内和皮下注射Ad5-E0-E2均能产生较高的抗体水平;流式细胞检测显示首免、二免后肌内和皮下注射Ad5-E0-E2组CD4^＋、CD4^＋/CD8^＋比值均极显著高于PBS对照组（P<0.01）。【结论】 本试验成功构建重组腺病毒Ad5-E0-E2,且具有较好的反应原性和免疫原性,能诱导机体产生针对BVDV的特异性抗体。     

秦川牛PDHB基因重组腺病毒载体的构建与鉴定

[目的]旨在通过构建秦川牛丙酮酸脱氢酶β亚基(Pyruvate dehydrogenase β subunit,PDHB)基因的重组腺病毒载体,为研究PDHB基因在牛前体脂肪细胞分化过程中的功能做准备。[方法]根据牛PDHB基因mRNA序列(GenBank Accession No.NM_001035435)设计引物,克隆该基因的编码区(Coding Sequence, CDS)序列。测序验证后将其重组到穿梭载体pAdTrack-CMV上,经PmeⅠ线性化后,转化到含有pAdEasy-1腺病毒骨架载体的E. coli BJ5183感受态细胞中进行同源重组,以获得重组质粒pAd-PDHB。再将经PacⅠ酶切线性化的pAd-PDHB转染到HEK 293A细胞中,进行病毒包装并扩增高滴度病毒Ad-PDHB,绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)标记法测定病毒滴度。将高浓度的Ad-PDHB病毒感染牛肌内前体脂肪细胞,实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测PDHB的表达量。[结果]经测序验证,本实验克隆获得的牛PDHB基因CDS与数据库GenBank收录的序列一致。将PDHB基因CDS与穿梭载体pAdTrack-CMV重组并转染HEK 293A细胞后成功获得了重组腺病毒Ad-PDHB,其滴度为1.66×10⁹ PFU.mL^-1。腺病毒Ad-PDHB侵染牛肌内前体脂肪细胞后,PDHB在mRNA的表达水平比对照组高25.5倍。[结论]成功克隆了秦川牛PDHB基因并构建了重组腺病毒质粒pAd-PDHB,并获得能够在牛肌内前体脂肪细胞中过表达PDHB基因的高滴度重组腺病毒Ad-PDHB。     

Enhancement effect of adenovirus mediated antisense c-myc gene and caffeine on chemotherapy of osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin

AIM: The cancer biology has showed that overexpression of oncogenes is responsible for the progression of human malignancies,antisense technology can block a certain gene expression.Caffeine has enhancement effect on chemotherapy of osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin,we constructed the recombinant adenovirus (Ad-Asc-myc) encoding antisense c-myc fragment and investigated its effect on the in vitro sensitivity of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells to cisplatin.METHODS: The recombinant adenovirus (Ad-Asc-myc) encoding antisense c-myc fragment was constructed by cloning c-myc cDNA of about 750 base pairs in a reverse direction into adenovirus vector.Ad-Asc-myc and caffeine was used respectively or together to co-operate with cisplatin to treat the osteosarcoma MG-63 cells in vitro,and Western blotting,MTT,flow cytometry (FCM),electron microscope were used to evaluate expression of c-Myc protein,tumor cell proliferation in vitro,apoptosis and cell cycle analysis.RESULTS: Ad-Asc-myc was obtained with the titer of 2×10¹² pfu/L.Ad-Asc-myc down-regulated the expression of c-Myc protein,Ad-Asc-myc or caffeine enhanced the effects of 2.0,5.0 mg/L cisplatin on MG-63 cells.Moreover,Ad-Asc-myc combined with caffeine significantly enhanced this effects,not only on cisplatin-induced apoptosis,but also on tumor cells proliferation in vitro.The expression of bcl-2 was downregulated,bax were upregulated,while there was no change in the expression of E2F-1.FCM analysis showed that cisplatin treatment induced a block in S phase,and caffeine reversed this block and speeded up the progression of cells out of the S phase.Ad-Asc-myc induced obvious G₂/M phase arrest in transfected cells.CONCLUSION: Ad-Asc-myc combined with caffeine may enhance apoptosis-induced and chemotherapy effects of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells to cisplatin.     

Preparation of gfp-bcl-XL-contained recombinant adenovirus vector by the homologous recombination in bacteria

AIM: To prepare gfp-bcl-X_L-contained recombinant adenovirus(rAd-gfp-bcl-X_L).METHODS: Bcl-X_L gene was amplified from pEGFP-C₃-bcl-X_L, subcloned into shuttle plasmid and formed transfer plasmid of pAdTrack-CMV-bcl-X_L. Then pAdTrack-CMV-bcl-X_L was linealinzed with PmeI and co-transformed into BJ5183 bacteria with adenovirus genomic plasmid of pAdEasy-1. The identified recombinant adenovirus plasmid was digested with PacI and transfected into 293 cells to package recombinant adenovirus particles. The target gene was detected by PCR.RESULTS: There were about 35% positive recombinant bacterial clones after the co-transformation of pAdTrack-CMV-bcl-X_L and pAdEasy-1 into BJ5183. Recombinant adenovirus particle were produced and further amplified after the transfection of pAdEasy-1-gfp-bcl-X_L into 293 cells. PCR test indicated that the recombinant Ad contained bcl-X_L gene. The titer of the purified rAd-gfp-bcl-X_L was 6.5×10¹² PFU/L. CONCLUSIONS: The homologous recombination in bacteria is a convenient and high efficient method to prepare rAd-gfp-bcl-X_L. This affords a good gene transfer vector for the gene therapy in human’s diseases.     

PDL1Ig gene-modified BMSCs induce immune tolerance in rat liver transplantation

AIM: To investigate the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) modified by programed death ligand-1 immunoglobulin(PDL₁Ig) gene on immune rejection of orthotopic liver transplantation in rats. METHODS: Rat BMSCs were cultured and identified. The protein expression of PDL₁Ig in the BMSCs 72 h after infection with pAdEasy-1/PDL₁Ig was detected by Western blot. Mixed lymphocyte reaction was used to detect the inhibitory effect of BMSCs on the viability of T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood. The male Wistar rats were used as donors(n=40), and the male SD rats were used as recipients(n=40). The rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation was established by improved cuff method for observing acute rejection. The rats were randomly divided into control group, BMSCs treatment group, BMSCs/GFP treatment group and BMSCs/PDL₁Ig treatment group with 10 pairs each. Five rats were executed at the 7th day and the remains were used for measuring the survival time. RESULTS: The expression of PDL₁Ig in the BMSCs was detected after pAdEasy-1/PDL₁Ig infection. The effect of BMSCs/PDL₁Ig on the viability of the lymphocytes was stronger than that of BMSCs/GFP. The level of IL-4 in BMSCs/PDL₁Ig group was significantly higher than that in the other 3 groups, while the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 were significantly decreased. The liver function in BMSCs/PDL₁Ig group was significantly improved and the levels of ALT, AST and TBil were almost recovered to normal at the 7th day after transplantation. Severe rejection reaction was observed in control group, and rejection reactions were decreased with different degrees in BMSCs treatment group and BMSCs/GFP treatment group. Much slighter rejection reaction and significantly longer survival time were showed in BMSCs/PDL₁Ig group than those in the other 3 groups. CONCLUSION: PDL₁Ig-modified BMSCs inhibit the rejection of liver transplantation in rats and induce the immune tolerance, and the effect is better than that of BMSCs alone.     

重组人神经生长因子β腺病毒的构建及鉴定

[目的]克隆带有His标签的人神经生长因子β基因(human nerve growth factor beta,hNGF"β),并构建hNGF"β与EGFP基因复制缺陷型腺病毒载体,为hNGF蛋白的表达、纯化及对其进行神经损伤的应用研究奠定基础。[方法]用Trizol试剂提取人胎肝总RNA,应用RT-PCR方法以自行设计的带有His标签的引物来扩增NGF"β基因;将所扩增的NGF"β基因经酶切、纯化,与IRES-EGFP片段共同插入到Pshuttle-cmv载体中,测序后,利用基因同源重组技术构建hNGF基因的复制缺陷型腺病毒载体AdNGF"β,经鉴定,转染HEK293细胞,观察EGFP表达并检测重组腺病毒的病毒滴度。[结果]克隆的hNGF基因序列与GenBank中的hNGF基因序列完全一致并在3′端携带上His标签;重组腺病毒载体AdNGF-β经PacⅠ酶切得到大于23.0和4.5或2.9kb大小的2个片段,表明同源重组成功。2种重组腺病毒经脂质体介导转染293细胞后,均可观察到绿色荧光蛋白。收获病毒并测定感染滴度分别为1.00×109和0.99×109pfu/ml。[结论]克隆了带有His标签的hNGF"β基因,并成功构建了重组腺病毒载体,为hNGF蛋白的表达、纯化及对其进行神经损伤研究奠定基础。     

Dendritic cells transfected with recombinant adenovirus carrying IL-24 gene induces CTLs to promote apoptosis of cervical cancer cell line CaSki

AIM：To investigate the therapeutic potential of interleukin-24 (IL-24) in cancer treatment, we observed the inductive effect of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) against human cervical cancer cell line CaSki using dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with recombinant adenovirus carrying IL-24 gene (Ad-IL-24-DCs). METHODS：Immature mouse DCs were isolated and cultured. The DCs were infected with recombinant adenovirus carrying IL-24 gene. The CaSki cell lysate-loaded autologous DCs vaccine was also prepared. The cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT assay. The cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry with PE-Annexin V staining. The cleaved caspase-3 in the Ad-IL-24-DCs was measured by Western blotting. Colony-forming assay was used to detect the colony number of Ad-IL-24-DCs. The tumorigenic capacity of CaSki cells in vivo in the presence of Ad-IL-24-DCs was observed by tumor-burdened model. RESULTS：IL-24 was highly expressed in the Ad-IL-24-DCs. In the presence of Ad-IL-24-DCs, the apoptosis of CaSki cells was significant increased. Additionally, the protein level of cleaved caspase-3 was increased in CaSki cells in the presence of Ad-IL-24-DCs, suggesting that the CaSki cells with Ad-IL-24-DCs induced apoptosis. CTLs induced by Ad-IL-24-DCs inhibited the tumorigenic capacity of CaSKi cells in vivo. CONCLUSION：Genetically modified DCs are successfully prepared by infection with Ad-IL-24 and show a significant effect on triggering specific CTLs against CaSki cells.     

腺病毒介导的秦川牛固醇调节元件结合蛋白2基因(SREBP2)过表达载体的构建与鉴定

固醇调节元件结合蛋白2（sterol regulatory element binding protein 2,SREBP2）属于碱性螺旋-环-螺旋亮氨酸拉链转录因子家族,在胆固醇的代谢过程中具有重要的调控作用。克隆秦川牛（Bos taurus）的SREBP2基因并构建相应腺病毒过表达载体,包装扩繁获得高滴度腺病毒,对于在细胞水平上研究SREBP2基因的功能和作用机制具有重要作用。本研究以秦川牛脂肪组织为实验材料,提取总RNA并反转录为cDNA,依据GenBank收录的牛的SREBP2基因（Accession No.NM₀01205600）mRNA序列设计引物,克隆出SREBP2基因编码区（coding sequence,CDS）全长。将SREBP2基因与穿梭载体连接构建pAdTrack-CMV-SREBP2表达载体,用PmeⅠ分别酶切线性化pAdTrack-CMV-SREBP2和空白对照pAdTrack-CMV载体并转化含有骨架载体pAdEasy-1的大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）BJ5183感受态进行同源重组,得到腺病毒重组载体pAd-SREBP2和pAd-CMV,分别用PacⅠ酶切后胶回收DNA大片段,并将回收产物转染293A细胞包装得到腺病毒Ad-SREBP2和Ad-CMV,增殖并提高病毒滴度,得到高滴度病毒后,用绿色荧光蛋白（green fluorescent protein,GFP）标记法测定显示Ad-SREBP2和Ad-CMV的病毒滴度分别为7×108和1.3×109GFU/mL。将Ad-SREBP2和Ad-CMV腺病毒侵染秦川牛前体脂肪细胞检测病毒的有效性,实时定量PCR检测结果显示,侵染48h时SREBP2基因的表达量提高了102.3倍。本研究成功克隆了秦川牛的SREBP2基因,构建了病毒重组体,包装增殖获得了高滴度病毒,为在细胞水平上基因功能的研究提供了基础资料。