直接为害温室黄瓜的自然灾害

一、风害 大风袭击对温室造成的为害主要有：①倒塌。原因是最后一排立柱向北倾斜度不够，固定性差。②风鼓毁膜。棚膜上如有严重破洞或修补得不结实，风一吹马上出现大的破口。     

速生桉树抗逆性调查分析

对霞浦杨梅岭国有林场柳窿桉、赤桉8号和2号3种桉树引种状况进行调查,表明3种桉树均具有较强的抗风害能力;在霞浦沿海海拔300~400m的山地引种赤桉8号和2号,冻害对其生长不致于造成危害。而柳窿桉应在200m以下山地发展。     

台风对沿海地区梨树生长的影响及对策

台风是发生在太平洋西部海洋和南海海上的热带气旋，是一种强烈的风暴，登陆时带来的强风暴雨往往对沿海的农业造成极大破坏，近两年来，台风在浙江、福建一带活动频繁，并呈现出强度大，持续时间长、影响范围广等特征，如2004年“云娜”、“艾利”、2005年“麦莎”、“海棠”，均对浙、闽、沪等沿海地区梨树生产带来巨大损失，台风已成为我国沿海地区发展梨业最大的制约因素。     

蔬菜大棚生产中风害的气候分析及预防措施

20世纪 90年代中后期 ,随着种植结构的新一轮调整 ,大棚设施不仅被广泛应用于蔬菜作物冬春季栽培、促成栽培和反季节栽培 ,而且在秋季蔬菜延后栽培、种苗繁育以及避雨或遮阴栽培中也普通使用。但是 ,在大棚生产期间风灾频繁 ,常毁坏大棚设施 ,棚中作物受大风影响不仅产生机械损     

甘肃杏树栽培中的主要自然灾害及预防措施

杏在甘肃栽培历史悠久 ,分布极为广泛 ,从黄土高原到沙漠绿洲边缘 ,平原、丘陵、沟谷、沙滩都有杏树栽培 ,资源也很丰富 ,表现早果丰产、果实外观美 ,品质佳。但自然灾害严重 ,影响了杏的发展。主要自然灾害有冻害、霜害、雪害和风害。杏在解除自然休眠后 ,花芽耐寒性显著降低 ,遇到冬末春初的气温波动 ,常造成大量花芽枯死。受害较轻的品种有兰州大接杏、张公园杏、金太阳杏、凯特杏等 ,较重的有大李光杏等 ,最重的是胭脂红杏。杏树也因地区及环境、气候条件不同 ,花芽受害情况有显著差异。 2 0 0 1年安西李光杏花芽严重受害 ,调查所到之处…     

南洋楹抗风能力的调查与分析

近年来,一些沿海地区大量引进南洋楹,作为行道树种植。为更好地了解南洋楹的抗风能力,作者于台风"杜鹃"登陆次日对南洋楹的风害情况作了调查统计。结果为南洋楹受到了严重的损害,这证明它不抗强风,易受风折,抗风力属Ⅲ级,因此建议沿海地区的有关绿化部门不宜将南洋楹作为行道树大量种植。     

苗木伤口的护理

因冬春修剪、机械损伤、人畜损伤、冻害、风害等造成的苗木伤口,必须及时护理,以减少树体水分损失,防止受冻和病菌浸染,促进伤口愈合,恢复树势。     

冬枣树自然灾害及其防御

<正> 冬枣树是结果早,产量高,效益好的经济树种,被当地农民称为“摇钱树”,但是仍受自然灾害的制约。1 旱害1.1 干旱对冬枣树生理的影响 当土壤中过于缺乏水分时,冬枣树叶即出现卷曲或调萎,缺水时间一旦持久,即可造成严重的旱害,尤其有些地方土壤持水量低,浇水条件差     

Effects of thinning on wind damage in Pinus thunbergii plantation ——Based on theoretlcal derlvation of risk—ratios for assessing wind damage

Based on paper of “Theoretical derivation of risk-ratios for assessing wind damage in coastal forest“,wind damage in the pine coasteal forest,which was thinned at four levels in December of 1997,was investigated for four successive growing seasons.Besides wind damage,the wind profiles outside and inside the coastal forest stand and the distributions of optical stratification porosity (OSP) were also observed.Based on these data,risk-ratios of wind damage for both individual trees and stands were estimated according to the methods developed in “Theoretical derivation of risk-ratios for assessing wind damage in a coastal forest“.The results showed that risk-ratios of wind damage,which were calculated from the meen height and diameter only and from the combination of wind and stand sructure profiles,accurately predicted wind damage in the plantation.Relationships between different thinning ratios and incidence of wind damage showed that stand stability decreased soon after the thinning.This was due to the immediate effects of thinning on increasing the canopy roughness and wind load,and on decreasing the sheltering effects from surrounding trees.However,thinning strategies could improve the stability by long-term effects on growthand development of trees against extreme wind.Only canopy damage was recorded during the experimental period,no stem damage was found,even though the maximum 10-min wind speed outside the coastal forest attained 30.2m s^-1.The results obtained in this study indicate that thinning is the most effective silvicultural strategy available for managing coastal forest despite the increased probability of wind damage soon after thinning.