Effect of soil pore size distribution on plant-available water and least limiting water range as soil physical quality indicators

Soil pore size distribution(SPSD) is one of the most important soil physical properties. This research investigated the relationships of location and shape parameters of the SPSD curves with plant-available water(PAW) and least limiting water range(LLWR) of the light-textured soils at the Torogh Agricultural Research Station in north-eastern Iran. Soil moisture release curve(SMRC), PAW and LLWR in matric heads of 100 and 330 h Pa for the field capacity and location and shape parameters of the SPSD curves of 30 soils with different texture and organic carbon contents were determined, and the variable relationships were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the median equivalent pore diameter(de), mean de, standard deviation(SD*), and skewness of the SPSD curves were significantly correlated with PAW(PAW330) and LLWR(LLWR330) measured in a matric head of 330 h Pa. Decrease in deand increase in the diversity of soil pore size(SD*) increased PAW330 and LLWR330. The SD* values of all the soil samples were lower than the optimal ranges suggested in literature. Neither PAW nor LLWR values were significantly different in the soils with the optimal modal deand those with non-optimal modal de. Optimal values of median and mean equivalent pore diameters and kurtosis of SPSD curves led to a significant improvement of PAW330 and LLWR330 as soil physical quality indicators. It was recommended to revise the optimal ranges for SD* and modal defor future studies.     

基于VLF/LF三维闪电探测系统的贵州省全闪分布特征分析

为进一步加强云闪分布特征分析，增强对雷暴云内物理过程的认识，利用2015—2017 年VLF/LF三维闪电探测系统的数据资料对贵州省闪电特征进行空间和时间分布特征分析。结果表明：无论云闪还是地闪，均以负闪为主；闪电发生主要集中在夏季，冬季闪电最少，闪电月际分布主要为单峰型，仅冬季Z比率大于1；闪电主要发生时段为16 时至次日凌晨2 时，Z比率与全闪频数随时间的变化呈正相关，相关系数0.618；全省闪电密度整体呈西高东低趋势，年均闪电密度为5.07 次/(a ·km2)；云闪主要发生在高度2k~7 km，全年云闪高度呈下降趋势；雷电强度主要分布在5k~45 kA，平均陡度为7.34 kA/μs。本研究有利于对闪电特征开展更全面的探究和分析，同时对强对流天气监测和预警也有重要意义和价值。     

玉米轴色突变体698-3R的遗传鉴定

以辐射诱变获得的玉米红轴突变体698-3R为材料,通过遗传交配设计分析轴色的遗传规律,利用SSR-BSA法初步定位轴色基因,并对候选基因进行克隆和表达分析。结果表明:(1)突变体698-3R的红轴对白轴性状表现为显性遗传,受一对核基因控制,初步定位在第一染色体上的SSR标记phi095与umc1452之间,与phi095相距3.9cM,与umc1452相距7.1cM,将该基因暂定名为C(t);(2)以轴色基因 P1的cDNA为模板克隆C(t),发现698-3R有3个C(t)转录本,而野生型698-3中至少有2个;预测氨基酸序列比对发现,698-3R中3个C(t)蛋白的氨基酸序列与已知P_1-wr蛋白一致,突变使其获得完整的MYB结构域和酸性激活域,而野生型698-3中698-3-P-1蛋白由于编码序列缺失导致移码突变,不具有该功能结构域;(3)对C(t)基因qRT-PCR分析发现,除25DAP外,其余4个时期在698-3R中表达水平均显著或极显著高于698-3;以 A1和 C2基因表达验证分析发现,C(t)与验证基因表达模式一致,说明C(t)可能具有 P1激活调控 A1和 C2基因表达的功能。推测该红轴基因C(t)可能为一个 P_1-wr基因。     

北京市蔬菜专业村产业集聚测度实证研究

以北京蔬菜专业村为研究对象,选取2012—2018年北京蔬菜专业村及蔬菜产业相关数据,运用区位商指数测算方法,从时间和空间两个层面对北京市蔬菜专业村产业集聚度进行测算;运用集中度指数测算方法,从专业村主导产业总产值和从业农户数两方面对集聚度进行测算。结果显示,北京市蔬菜专业村出现了集聚现象,但存在不稳定上下波动的问题,顺义区、通州区和平谷区总体集聚程度较高,并保持稳定集聚状态,集聚区域主要集中在顺义区和房山区。研究建议完善蔬菜专业村基础设施建设,打造蔬菜专业村区域品牌效应,发挥蔬菜示范村辐射带动作用,推进专业镇、基地及园区建设。     

Effects of Rice Variety and Growth Location in Cambodia on Grain Composition and Starch Structure简

The effects of variety and growth location on grain composition and starch structures were investigated using three rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars (Phka Romduol, Sen Pidao and IR66) with different amylose contents. All the three cultivars were planted in three different agro-climatic zones (Phnom Penh, Coastal and Plateau) of Cambodia. The protein content of polished grains increased when rice was planted at a location with higher average temperature, but their lipid content decreased. The amylose content and degree of branching were not greatly affected by the minor temperature differences among the growing locations. Starch fine structures characterized by the chain-length distribution were significantly different among the cultivars, but not significantly among different locations. The results suggested that protein and lipid biosyntheses were more sensitive to the environmental temperature than that of starch in rice grains.     

沈阳铁西区装备制造产业聚集实证分析

铁西区通过打造装备制造业产业聚集区。形成了高档数控机床、通用石化装备等六大主导产业以及电气及新能源等五大千亿产业集群，成为我国老工业基地振兴的区域典范。介绍铁西装备制造业聚集区发展现状，采用区位熵法测算沈阳装备制造业的产业集中度，对全市装备制造业的现状及问题进行分析，得出相应结论。     

关于货位可移动式货架立体仓库的探讨

在现有自动化立体仓库设备的基础上提出了一种新型的以货位可移动式货架为核心的自动化仓库作业方案,阐述了该模式下实现货物自动入库、出库的工作原理以及相关的拣货方法和机械设备的选择.并通过与几种不同设备的比较得出该方案的优势,为现代物流自动化仓库的发展提出了新的思想理念.     

会同生态定位研究站科研信息管理系统的研制

MIS与 GIS结合应用于生态定位研究是一个较好的具有扩展性的解决生态数据量大、统计繁琐的解决方案 ,能实现生态定位研究的管理规范化、现代化、自动化和网络化 ,更好地为生态系统定位研究服务 .阐述了会同生态定位研究站信息管理系统的设计和开发过程 ,介绍了系统的结构和功能 ,并对地理信息系统应用于生态定位研究作了一定的探讨     

Modeling spatial variability in the life-cycle costs of low-volume forest roads

Cost estimation is probably the most decisive factor in the process of computer-aided, preliminary planning for low-volume road networks. However, the cost of construction is normally assumed to be route-independent for a specific project area, resulting in sub-optimal layouts. This is especially true for mountainous terrain and in areas with unstable subsoil. Here, we present a model for more accurately estimating spatial variability in road life-cycle costs, based on terrain surface properties as well as geological properties of the subsoil. This parametric model incorporates four structural components: embankment, retaining structures, pavement, and drainage and stream-crossing structures. It is linked to a geo-database that allows users to derive location-specific parameter values as input. In applying this model, we have demonstrated that variability in costs ranges widely for mountainous areas, with the most expensive construction being approximately five times greater there than on more favorable sites. This variability strongly affects the optimal layout of a road network. First, when location-specific slope gradients are considered, costs are reduced by about 17% from those calculated via currently available engineering practices; when both slope gradient and geotechnical formations are included, those costs are decreased by about 20%. Second, the length of the road network is increased by about 4% and 10% respectively, compared with current practices.     

中国竹亚科植物的耐寒区位区划

将中国原产及引进的禾本科竹亚科植物的43属711种、52变种、98变型、4个杂交种、共计865个种及种以下分类群,按其自然分布和温度生态幅进行耐寒区划,从而为生产实践中竹类植物的引种和培育提供参考。