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1.
【研究目的】应用SOTER数据库与RUSLE模型定量化估算河北省土壤侵蚀风险。【方法】在建立河北省SOTER数据库的基础上,提取地形因子、植被覆盖与耕作管理措施和土壤保持措施,结合土壤可蚀性与降雨侵蚀力因子,应用RUSLE模型定量评价河北省山区土壤侵蚀风险。【结果】河北省轻度水土流失面积3.5万km2,占18.9%;中度水土流失面积1.1万km2,占6.1%;强度与极强度水土流失面积分别为8 183km2与1.0万km2,分别占全省面积的4.4%和5.6%;剧烈土壤侵蚀面积为1.2万km2,占全省面积的6.8%。【结论】河北省土壤侵蚀主要发生在太行山、燕山山区,尤以低山丘陵地带的土石山区最为严重。  相似文献   
2.
以长江上游典型区彭州市为例,在该区SOTER(1∶50 000)数据库的支持下,选取地貌类型 、坡度、植被覆盖率、土地利用、土壤类型等作为评价因子,运用专家权重模型,将研究区 分为无险型、轻险型、危险型、强险型和极险型5种类型,输出了土壤侵蚀危险度评价图, 并指出了各种类型的防治侵蚀的措施.  相似文献   
3.
以长江上游典型区——彭州市为例,在该区SOTER(1:50000)数据库的支持下,建立了基于AHP法的土壤退化评价系统。对样区53个SOTER单元进行了评价,生成了相应的专题评价图。  相似文献   
4.
根据土壤及地形(SOTER)数据库基本原理和方法建立1:25万SOTER数据库,重点研究和修正大中比例尺SOTER主地形体划分指标体系,提出海拔高度分组指标、坡度分组指标和地势起伏强度分组指标,并利用上述3个指标组合计算出样区SOTER主地形体组分(中坡度丘陵、低坡度山体台地、山谷、中坡度山体、山前倾斜平原和冲洪积平原),以进一步发展和完善SOTER数据库理论方法体系。同时,SOTER数据库的建立使原有的历次土壤普查、国土资源详查的资料信息化,使之服务于土地资源的评价、管理与保护。  相似文献   
5.
A SOTER management system was developed byanalyzing,designing,programming,testing,repeated proceeding and progressing based on the object-oriented method.The function of the attributedatabase management is inherited and expanded in the new system.The integrityand security of the SOTER database are enhanced.The attribute database management,the spatial database management and the model base are integrated into SOTER based on the component object model(COM),and the graphical user interface (GUI) for Windows is used to interact with clients,thus being easy to create and maintain the SOTER,and convenient to promote the quantification and automation of soil information application.  相似文献   
6.
基于SOTER的河北省土壤有机碳、氮密度的空间分布   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
本文在河北省土壤与地形体数据库基础上,计算了该省不同土壤组合的土壤有机碳和氮的密度,应用GIS技术分析了河北省土壤有机碳和氮密度的空间分布特征。结果表明:河北省土壤的平均有机碳密度为10.83kgm-3,平均氮密度为1070.96gm-3,C/N比为9.99;该省的土壤有机碳和氮密度的空间分布均呈现:不同类型土壤组合的有机碳和氮密度均随着纬度的增加而逐渐增加,而且其分布受气候、土壤特性、土地利用方式、植被特性以及人类干扰程度等的影响。  相似文献   
7.
论精确农业与中国土壤信息化建设   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
本文介绍了精确农业基本概念、优点和技术体系以及当前在我国实行精确农业的局限性.作者认为在目前条件下,建立各级土壤信息系统,实现土壤数据信息化是建设具有中国特色精确农业的必由之路.  相似文献   
8.
This study compares different soil mapping approaches in three different petrographic areas in order to test their suitability for regional mapping in northern Thailand. Sampling was based on transects or grid-based randomization. Maps were created based on expert knowledge (eye fitting) or using Classification Tree (CART algorithm) or the Maximum Likelihood approach. In addition, local knowledge-based-soil maps were created. Validation was performed using soil reference maps and independent sampling points. The mapping approaches based on transects and grid-based randomization showed a very high correspondence with the respective reference soil map and a very high degree of matching with independent sampling points. Both methods are best suited for sub-watershed scale. Mapping larger areas is difficult due to the inaccessibility of the mountainous regions. The soil maps based on Maximum Likelihood showed a high correlation with the respective reference soil maps and the individual sampling points. Maximum Likelihood maps and Classification Tree maps showed similar levels of accuracy. The Maximum Likelihood approach is applicable to upscaling procedures; therefore, a calibration area is required which represents the target area. Local knowledge-based-soil mapping is very cheap and fast, but is restricted to village areas where classification often varies even within a village. Despite this, local knowledge is very useful for soil reconnaissance surveys, as well as to acquire an overview of the major distribution of soils and their properties. Upscaling of local knowledge due to its inherent inconsistency is not realistic.  相似文献   
9.
在GIS支持下,根据国际土壤信息和参比中心提出的土壤与地形体数字化数据库(SOTER)基本原理和方法,建立了河北邯郸地区1:25万土壤和地形体数字化数据库(SOTER),实现了空间数据和属性数据的整合。  相似文献   
10.
基于SOTER的海南岛土壤水侵蚀模拟   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
The actual and potential water erosion rates of soils with different land covers in Hainan Island,China,were estimated based on the universal soil loss equation(USLE) and a 1:200000 Soils and Terrain digital Database(SOTER) Ddatabase,from which soil water erosion factors could be extracted.92.8% of the whole island had a current erosion rate of lowerthan 500t km^-2 a^-1.Soil erosion risk was considered to be high because of its abundant rainfall.Without vegetation tcover,the potential soil erosion ratewould be extremely high and 90.8% ofthe island would have a soil erosion rate higher than 2500t km^-2a^-1.Relative erosion vulnerability of different soil zones,landform types,and lithological regions of the island was compared by introducing a relative erosion hazard parameter α.Cambosols developed from siltstone and mudstone in low hill regions were pinpointed as soils with the highest erosion risk in the island.  相似文献   
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