不同植物生长调节剂对金荞麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

以不同浓度的GA3、6-BA和IAA浸种24 h,通过比较浸种后种子萌发以及幼苗生长各项指标来研究植物生长调节剂浸种对金荞麦种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响.结果表明,在本试验处理浓度范围内,150 mg/L的GA3浸种后种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、平均鲜重、平均株高、平均根长、叶绿素含量、POD活力分别提高37.7％、39.6％、68.3％、75.6％、17.7％、20.5％、18.7％、68％.而用0.1 mg/L 6-BA和25 mg/L IAA浸种后各项指标与对照相比均显著增加.3种植物生长调节剂综合比较表明,150 mg/L的GA3对金荞麦种子萌发和幼苗生长作用效果最为理想.     

竹叶枯型丛枝病的研究

竹叶枯型丛枝病为害新梢嫩叶,造成叶枯、梢枯,连年发病引发小枝丛生,该病发展快,发病时间短,季节性强。老病枝连年发病,使新梢发病率常达90％以上。病叶上普遍产生黑褐色点状的子囊菌子实体。用子囊孢子对健壮株枝梢作人工接种,第2年新梢嫩叶发病,具典型症状。经鉴定该病病原菌为竹暗球腔菌(Phaeosphaeria bambusae Miyake et Hara)。刚竹属中的淡竹(Phyllostachys glauca)、桂竹(Ph. bambusoide)和融安刚竹(Ph. sp.)发病最重。3月间竹腔注射20％粉锈宁乳油剂(1∶200)1次,即可明显减轻该病的发生。     

不同植物激素对冬凌草愈伤组织增殖及褐化的影响

研究了不同种类的植物激素对冬凌草叶片诱导愈伤组织及褐化的影响,结果表明:培养基中植物激素的种类、浓度及其组合对愈伤组织增殖及褐变影响较大。适宜浓度的2,4-D、IAA和NAA生长素、KT和6-BA细胞分裂素及GA3,能不同程度地减轻或抑制褐化,促进愈伤组织的生长,其中以2,4-D(2.5) KT(0.2) GA3(0.2)效果最好。     

溪黄草对三黄肉仔鸡免疫功能的影响

为测定溪黄草对三黄肉仔鸡免疫功能的影响,将1日龄三黄肉仔鸡210只随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只。Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮,Ⅱ组添加0．2％恩诺沙星,Ⅲ组添加1％双黄连。Ⅳ-Ⅶ组分别在日粮上添加0．5％、1％、2％和4％溪黄草。分别测定免疫器官指数、新城疫HI抗体滴度和T淋巴细胞转化0D57。值。结果显示,溪黄草以2％剂量添加时可不同程度地刺激28日龄前三黄肉仔鸡的免疫器官发育,延长ND—HI抗体存留时间和抑制T淋巴细胞增殖,其它添加剂量对三黄肉仔鸡免疫功能也产生一定影响。     

三叶香茶菜扦插繁殖试验

以三叶香茶菜[Rabdosia ternifolia(D.Don)Hara]当年生植株不同部位的枝条作为试验材料,通过不同浓度的生长激素IBA和NAA处理,考察IBA和NAA浓度及不同的扦插时间对其扦插生根的影响。结果表明,200 mg/L的IBA和NAA组合处理效果均优于其他浓度处理,经方差分析可知,各处理间生根率存在明显的差异,以IBA处理影响最大,对根长和发根数的影响不显著,但可明显促进其增加。试验显示,在5月份扦插,200 mg/L IBA+200 mg/L NAA浸泡12 h处理的三叶香茶菜枝条生根效果最好,生根率高达75.8%。     

铝盐对沉水植物苦草生长的影响

铝盐絮凝作用强,常用于水体水质治理工程中,但铝盐的添加是否对沉水植物产生不利影响尚不明确。本研究采用室外模拟方法,研究了不同浓度铝盐（明矾）对沉水植物苦草的影响。设置了三个不同铝盐浓度处理组：对照组（无添加）、一次加铝组（15 mg•L-1明矾）、三次加铝组（45 mg•L-1）。结果表明：（1）一次加铝组叶绿素a、反应活性磷、pH、碱度较实验开始时均有下降,且三次加铝组显著低于一次加铝组;（2）三次加铝组中水体总氮浓度最高;（3）三次加铝组苦草的相对生长率显著低于对照组。本研究说明铝盐的使用能在短期内一定程度上减轻水体污染,高剂量使用虽能抑制浮游植物的生长,但同时也会对沉水植物苦草的生长产生抑制作用,且使水体水质恶化,在湖泊生态修复时铝盐絮凝剂需谨慎使用。     

大豆灰斑病菌菌丝块离体叶接种快速鉴定方法的建立

[目的]建立一种室内可重复、快速准确鉴定大豆对灰斑病抗性的方法。[方法]利用大豆灰斑病1号和7号生理小种及6种不同抗性的大豆品种为材料,研究并建立了大豆灰斑病抗性的菌丝块接种快速鉴定方法。[结果]在28℃、12h光照与12h黑暗交替的条件下,Minimal培养基生长的菌丝块接种抗感大豆叶片,菌斑面积明显不同,且鉴定结果与已知抗感品种报道的灰斑病抗性一致。[结论]菌丝块离体叶接种鉴定具有不受生育期和环境条件限制、可重复性强的特点,是大豆灰斑病抗性室内鉴定的一种有效方法。     

金荞麦和玉米混合青贮对其营养成分和发酵品质的影响

将初花期金荞麦(Fagopyrum dibotrys(D.Don)Hara.)与青贮玉米(Zea mays L.)按比例混合青贮,通过感官评价、营养成分分析和有机酸含量比较,探究两者的最佳青贮混合比例。试验设金荞麦与青贮玉米混合的比例共6组,分别为100:0(CK),10:90(A),30:70(B),50:50(C),70:30(D)和90:10(E),青贮40天后开封检测。结果表明:随着金荞麦比例的增加,青贮饲料感官品质下降,pH显著升高(P0.05),粗蛋白、粗灰分、钙、磷的含量均显著提高(P0.05),粗脂肪、干物质含量显著下降(P0.05)。通过对青贮饲料有机酸含量进行评价,其变化情况与感官评价及pH变化一致,即金荞麦比例越高,评价得分越低。综合考虑,青贮饲料中金荞麦比例不宜过高,从金荞麦利用最大化角度出发,以B组比例青贮为佳。     

Effect of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Intestinal Structure of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on growth performance,immune function and intestinal structure of broilers. A total of 270 one-day-old healthy Tiejiaoma broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate.Control group was fed with the basal diet,group Ⅱ was fed with basal diet adding 8% flavomycin 60 mg/kg +15% aureomycin 270 mg/kg and group Ⅲ was fed with basal diet adding 1% Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara. The trial period lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follow:① At 21 days of age,the average daily feed intake of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the average daily gain and F/G among the three groups (P>0.05).②At 21 days of age,the thymus and bursa of Fabricius indexes of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05);But the spleen index were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).③ At 21 days of age,the content of IgA and IgM in serum of groups Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IgG in serum of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05).④At 21 days of age,the content of IL-2,TNF-α and sIgA in intestinal mucosa of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IL-6 in intestinal mucosa of group Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).⑤At 21 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),the villus height/crypt depth of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). However,the crypt depth was not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).In conclusion,that Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara could not affect the growth performance of broilers,but it could improve the development of immune organs,increase the secretion of serum immunoglobulin, promote the immune function of intestinal mucosa and intestinal morphology of jejunum.     

大豆和灰斑病菌互作中大豆脂质过氧化作用的变化*

在不同抗性的大豆品种和灰斑病菌互作中，通过测定叶片中脂质过氧化产物—丙二醛含量的动态变化，研究了灰斑病菌的侵染对大豆叶片脂质过氧化的影响。研究结果表明，大豆和灰斑病菌的组合不同，脂质过氧化产物—丙二醛含量变化的规律也不同；抗病品种接种致病力强的1号、7号和6号生理小种后，叶片中丙二醛含量均比对照的高，而接种其它生理小种后叶片中丙二醛含量均比对照降低。但是，感病品种接种灰斑病菌后叶片中丙二醛含量均比对照植株的增加，而且增加的幅度很大。