基于rDNA-ITS序列探讨甘蔗近缘属种的系统进化关系

以狼尾草属(PennisetumRich.)的象草(P.purpureum)为外群体,依据rDNA-ITS序列探讨了甘蔗亚族(Saccharinae)内与甘蔗植物分类关系较近的8属37种120份材料的系统进化关系,结果表明,ITS1序列长度为200~208bp,变异位点91个,简约信息位点70个,GC含量为60.4%~69.1%;ITS2序列长度为215~220bp,变异位点93个,简约信息位点68个,GC含量为66.1%~73.4%;5.8sDNA序列长度为164bp,变异位点18个,简约信息位点9个,GC含量为54.1%~58.0%;根据变异位点,简约信息位点占总位点的比例可以看出,ITS序列比5.8sDNA序列变异程度高,其中ITS1序列又较ITS2序列变异丰富。属种间遗传距离表明芒属(Miscanthus)和荻属(Triarrhena)与甘蔗属(Saccharum)的亲缘关系最近,其次为蔗茅属(Erianthus)和河八王属(Narenga);而莠竹属(Microstegium)、大油芒属(Spodiopogon)、白茅属(Imperata)与甘蔗属亲缘关系较远。根据甘蔗近缘属种的NJ和MP系统发育关系,支持将斑茅(E.arundinaceus)归入蔗茅属,荻属归入芒属的观点;河八王属的河八王(N.porphyrocoma)与滇蔗茅(E.rockii)亲缘关系较近,而与同属的金猫尾(N.fallax)亲缘关系较远;蔗茅属和芒属属种系统进化关系较其他属种复杂;有4份材料被发现鉴定有误,不应用于后续研究。     

On the Taxonomy of the Members of ‘Saccharum Complex’

The difficulty and problems encountered in the study of cultivated plants, in general and sugarcane, in particular has been indicated. In order to understand these problems, a brief review on the taxonomy of Saccharum and closely related taxa, namely, Erianthus, Sclerostachya, Narenga and Miscanthus (generally known as ‘Saccharum complex’) has been given. A short account on the important morphological features that are specific to sugarcane has also been stated as classification is commonly based on such morphological characters. A note has been added on the chromosome number, origin, and distribution of the species of ‘Saccharum complex’ members. Taxonomic keys have been devised for identification of the genera of Saccharinae and for the species of Saccharum and Erianthus occurring in India. A new combination, Sclerostachya fallax (Balansa) Amalraj et Balasundaram, has also been proposed.