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Daisy Norgate Gert Ter Haar Nicola Kulendra Kata Orsolya Veres-Nyéki 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(6):729-736
Objective
To compare the effect of propofol and alfaxalone on laryngeal motion under a light plane of anaesthesia in nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs anaesthetized for nonemergency procedures.Study design
Prospective, randomized clinical trial.Animals
A total of 48 client-owned dogs (24 nonbrachycephalic and 24 brachycephalic).Methods
A standardized premedication of methadone (0.2 mg kg?1) and acepromazine (0.01 mg kg?1) was administered intramuscularly. Dogs were randomly assigned to be induced with increments of propofol (1–4 mg kg?1) or alfaxalone (0.5–2 mg kg?1). Laryngeal assessment was performed under a light plane of anaesthesia by a surgeon (GTH) who was unaware of the induction protocol. Laryngeal movement was assessed as either being present when abduction of the laryngeal cartilages upon inspiration was identified, or absent when abduction was not recognized. Simultaneously, a 60-second video was recorded. The same surgeon (GTH) and an additional surgeon (NK) re-evaluated the videos 1 month later. Categorical comparisons were studied using Chi square and Fisher’s exact test where appropriate. Pairwise evaluation of agreement between scorers was undertaken with the kappa statistic (κ).Results
There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) identified between the presence or absence of laryngeal motion between dogs administered propofol or alfaxalone, as well as when analysing nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs separately. The majority of dogs (>75%) maintained some degree of laryngeal motion with both protocols. Agreement between assessors was excellent (κ = 0.822).Conclusions
Alfaxalone maintained laryngeal motion similarly to propofol in nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs.Clinical relevance
Both agents would appear appropriate for allowing assessment of laryngeal motion in nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs. The assessment technique of subjective evaluation of laryngeal motion via peroral laryngoscopy under a light plane of anaesthesia produced consistent results amongst assessors, regardless of the induction agent used. 相似文献3.
Nathaniel Kapaldo Rose McMurphy David Hodgson James Roush Kara Berke Emily Klocke 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(4):493-500
ObjectiveTo assess laryngeal function in normal dogs administered isoflurane following partial clearance of alfaxalone or propofol.Study designRandomized experimental crossover study.AnimalsA group of 12 purpose-bred, male Beagle dogs.MethodsDogs were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: alfaxalone–isoflurane (ALF-ISO) or propofol–isoflurane (PRO-ISO) and anesthetized for three video laryngoscopy examinations. The alternate treatment occurred after ≥ 14 days interval. Examinations were performed after induction of anesthesia (LS-A), after 20 minutes of breathing isoflurane via a facemask (LS-B) and after a further 20 minutes of isoflurane (LS-C). Parameters of objective laryngeal function included inspiratory rima glottidis surface area (RGSA-I), expiratory rima glottidis surface area (RGSA-E) and % RGSA increase, calculated from three consecutive respiratory cycles in the final 15 seconds of each video laryngoscopy examination. The % RGSA increase was calculated using [(RGSA-I – RGSA-E)/RGSA-E] × 100. Subjective laryngeal function was evaluated independently by two experienced surgeons blinded to treatment.ResultsThe % RGSA increase within each treatment was greater for LS-B and LS-C than for LS-A (ALF-ISO: p = 0.03, PRO-ISO: p = < 0.001). There was no difference within each treatment from LS-B compared with LS-C. RGSA-I increased within each treatment from LS-A to both LS-B and LS-C (ALF-ISO: p = 0.002) and to LS-C (PRO-ISO: p = 0.006). Subjective laryngeal function scores improved from LS-A to LS-C.Conclusions and clinical relevanceLaryngeal function improved from postinduction examination following either 20 or 40 minutes of anesthesia with isoflurane via facemask. This study demonstrates that isoflurane may have a lesser effect on arytenoid abduction activity compared with more commonly used intravenous induction anesthetics (alfaxalone and propofol). 相似文献
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Tesh M. Smalle Marthinus J. Hartman Lynette Bester Roxanne K. Buck Geoffrey T. Fosgate Gareth E. Zeiler 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(3):427-434
Objective
To compare the effects of thiopentone, propofol and alfaxalone on arytenoid cartilage motion and establish the dose rates to achieve a consistent oral laryngoscopy examination.Study design
Randomised crossover study.Animals
Six healthy adult Beagle dogs.Methods
Each dog was randomly administered three induction agents with a 1-week washout period between treatments. Thiopentone (7.5 mg kg?1), propofol (3 mg kg?1) or alfaxalone (1.5 mg kg?1) was administered over 1 minute for induction of anaesthesia. If the dog was deemed inadequately anaesthetised, then supplemental boluses of 1.8, 0.75 and 0.4 mg kg?1 were administered, respectively. Continual examination of the larynx, using a laryngoscope, commenced once an adequate anaesthetic depth was reached until examination end point. The number of arytenoid motions and vital breaths were counted during three time periods and compared over time and among treatments. Data were analysed using Friedman and Mann–Whitney U tests, Spearman rho and a linear mixed model with post hoc pairwise comparison with Tukey correction.Results
The median (range) induction and examination times were 2.8 (2.0–3.0), 2.7 (2.0–3.3) and 2.5 (1.7–3.3) minutes (p = 0.727); and 14.1 (8.0–41.8), 5.4 (3.3–14.8) and 8.5 (3.8–31.6) minutes (p = 0.016) for thiopentone, propofol and alfaxalone, respectively. The median dose rates required to achieve an adequate anaesthetic depth were 6.3 (6.0–6.6), 2.4 (2.4–2.4) and 1.2 (1.2–1.2) mg kg?1 minute?1, respectively. There was no significant difference for the total number of arytenoid motions (p = 0.662) or vital breaths (p = 0.789) among induction agents.Conclusion and clinical relevance
The number of arytenoid motions were similar among the induction agents. However, at the dose rates used in this study, propofol provided adequate conditions for evaluation of the larynx with a shorter examination time which may be advantageous during laryngoscopy in dogs. 相似文献5.
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