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A total of 73 Erwinia amylovora strains obtained from 13 Maloideae host species and from Rubus spp., and isolated from different geographic areas, were assessed using RFLP and DNA sequencing analysis of the 3' hrp N gene and/or of a fragment of 1341 bp of the dsp A/E region. An Erwinia pyrifoliae strain, used as outgroup, was checked in the same way. For the three strains isolated from Rubus spp. and for one strain from Amelanchier sp., RFLP analysis of the hrp N gene using the Rsa I enzyme yielded a PCR product 60 bp smaller than that of all the other strains. Sequence analysis of the gene revealed this was due to the absence of a 60 bp fragment in the noncoding region downstream of the gene. The strain PD 2915, isolated from Amelanchier sp. grown in Canada, showed five same-sense substitutions and one missense substitution at position 868 of the hrp N gene, converting aspartic acid into asparagine. Also, restriction analysis of a fragment of 613 bp of the dsp A/E region with Cfo I revealed an RFLP pattern suitable for differentiating the E. amylovora strains isolated from Rubus spp. and Amelanchier sp. from all the others. In the dsp A/E coding region, the four strains showed 13–14 missense point mutations, in some cases yielding drastic amino acid substitutions. In addition, partial sequencing of the dsp A/E region of PD 2915 from Amelanchier sp. indicated a higher similarity to E. amylovora strains isolated from Rubus spp. than towards strains from other Maloideae hosts. The E. pyrifoliae strain showed 23 single nucleotide substitutions along the hrp N gene and 88% of nucleotide identity with E. amylovora strains in the portion of dsp A/E region. Artificial inoculations on immature pear fruits and young shoots of Maloideae and Ruboideae showed a restricted pathogenicity for the strains from Rubus and Amelanchier , with the latter inciting blight symptoms only on Amelanchier . 相似文献
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Nickolas?G.?KavallieratosEmail author George?J.?Stathas Christos?G.?Athanassiou George?Th.?Papadoulis 《Phytoparasitica》2002,30(3):231-242
The role of the self-sown shrubsDittrichia viscosa (L.) W. Greuter andRubus ulmifolius Schott as reservoirs of aphid parasitoids was investigated. In the field studies conducted,D. viscosa grew adjacent to crops of durum wheat and barley andR. ulmifolius grew adjacent to cotton. The relative abundance of the parasitoids of(a) Capitophorus inulae (Passerini) onD. viscosa, (b) Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) on durum wheat and barley,(c) Aphis ruborum (Börner) onR. ulmifolius, and(d) Aphis gossypii Glover on cotton in various parts of Greece, was assessed during the years 1996–2000. In 2000, the fluctuation of parasitization of the above four aphid species was recorded and the action of the aphidophagous predators of the family Coccinellidae was studied. It was observed thatAphidius matricariae Haliday predominated onC. inulae andR. padi in all sampling cases. In contrast,Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) was the dominant species parasitizingA. ruborum onR. ulmifolius andA. gossypii on cotton in Thessaly (central Greece) and Macedonia (northern Greece), whereasLysiphlebus confusus Tremblay et Eady andBinodoxys acalephae (Marshall) were the dominant parasitoid species in Thrace (northern Greece).Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus was the most abundant coccinellid species on durum wheat, whereasAdonia variegata (Goeze) predominated on cotton. However, coccinellid individuals were scarce on bothD. viscosa andR. ulmifolius. The present study indicated that these two shrubs can be regarded as useful reservoirs of aphid parasitoids. 相似文献
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粉枝莓的组织培养与植株再生 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用粉枝莓的茎段和幼嫩叶片作为外植体,研究了不同激素水平对诱导产生愈伤组织、芽和根及完成植株再生的影响。试验结果表明:MS 6-BA0.5 NAA0.2培养基对诱导愈伤组织和芽的分化效果最佳,1/2MS IBA0.3对促进生根效果较好,在两步移栽法中,移栽存活率分别为94%和98%。 相似文献
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粉枝莓的组织培养与植株再生研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用粉枝莓的茎段和幼嫩叶片作为外植体,研究了不同激素水平对诱导产生愈伤组织,芽和根,完成植株再生的影响。试验结果表明:MS 6-BA0.5 NAA0.2培养基对诱导愈伤组织和芽的分化效果最佳。1/2MS IBA0.3对促进生根效果较好,在两步移栽法中,移栽存活率分别为94%和98%。 相似文献
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以8份树莓品种为试验材料,对农艺性状和小区有效产量进行相关性分析、回归分析和通径分析。结果表明,各农艺性状与单株产量的相关程度依次为:平均果重>侧根数>多年基生枝长度>侧根粗>主根粗>结果枝数>多年基生枝粗度>平均每枝结果数>平均单株基生枝数>平均单株产量;多元回归方程为:y=1.29+1.63x3-1.02x4-2.35x6-2.63x7+2.31x8+2.15x10。通径分析表明:侧根数、平均果重和平均单株产量对小区有效产量有直接的正向作用,主根粗、多年基生枝长度和平均单株基生枝数对小区有效产量的直接的负向作用。主根粗、多年基生枝长度和平均单株基生枝数可以通过协调其它性状对小区有效产量发挥作用。 相似文献
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