吉林莫莫格白鹤春季行为研究

白鹤属大型涉禽,仅分布于亚洲地区,其东亚种群数量为3 750只左右;由于环境变迁,种群数量越来越少,已被列为国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物。为阐明在沼泽湿地生态系统环境中白鹤春季的活动规律以及各种行为的时间分配,于2010年4月15日～5月13日,在吉林莫莫格国家级自然保护区对白鹤春季迁徙期行为进行了初步研究。白鹤的各种行为的时间分配依次为:觅食占64.34%、静栖占4.42%、警戒占13.92%、游走占4.57%、理羽占11.51%、其他(包括打斗、飞行、呜叫等情况)占2.56%。成体与亚成体白鹤、雄鹤与雌鹤在行为和时间分配上有明显差异,在觅食时间上雌鹤高出雄鹤10%左右,雄鹤的警戒时间高于雌鹤。     

Video tracking analysis of behavioral patterns during estrus in goats

Here, we report a new method for measuring behavioral patterns during estrus in goats based on video tracking analysis. Data were collected from cycling goats, which were in estrus (n = 8) or not in estrus (n = 8). An observation pen (2.5 m × 2.5 m) was set up in the corner of the female paddock with one side adjacent to a male paddock. The positions and movements of goats were tracked every 0.5 sec for 10 min by using a video tracking software, and the trajectory data were used for the analysis. There were no significant differences in the durations of standing and walking or the total length of movement. However, the number of approaches to a male and the duration of staying near the male were higher in goats in estrus than in goats not in estrus. The proposed evaluation method may be suitable for detailed monitoring of behavioral changes during estrus in goats.     

猪舍场景下的生猪目标跟踪和行为检测方法研究

针对猪舍内光照情况复杂、目标与背景颜色较为接近、相机视角与参数不佳等环境与硬件条件的不足,导致生猪跟踪过程中精度低、稳定性差的问题,充分结合实际场景,提出了一种优化特征提取的压缩感知跟踪算法。优化跟踪窗口为椭圆形,以接近生猪体态;并结合灰度和纹理特征,优化传统压缩感知算法特征提取过程;划分猪舍区域,依据生猪所处位置来判断其当前行为。随机选取猪舍内不同场景、不同光照强度、不同生猪品种的多段视频进行实验,实验结果表明：中心点均方根误差均值为25.44,分别是传统压缩感知算法、模板更新跟踪算法和Camshift跟踪算法的60.32%、33.33%、32.57%;中心点均方根误差方差为70.26,分别是传统压缩感知算法、模板更新跟踪算法和Camshift跟踪算法的7.13%、47.62%、17.16%;跟踪速度达到19.3帧/s。     

紫背金盘提取物对台湾家白蚁毒杀作用的初步研究

利用紫背金盘甲醇提取物对台湾家白蚁进行了室内毒性测定和驱避行为试验。结果表明,经12次重复的毒性测定,有较强的致死作用。3—4％浓度的死亡率达100％,2％浓度的死亡率为94％,1％浓度的死亡率为58.9％。在驱避行为试验中表明,在4％以下的浓度对家白蚁没有显著的驱避怍用,从驱避作用的定量研究——非选择性取食试验中,1—4％浓度处理过的木块均被白蚁蛀蚀过。在选择性取食试验中,1—4％浓度处理组的木材样品同样被白蚁蛀蚀过。从驱避作用的定性研究——琼脂培养基选择性试验看,在整个试验期间的各个处理区内,蚁路筑通,没有堵塞蚁路现象。4％浓度处理组的平均进区率是87.92％,2％浓度的进区率是98.75％,1％浓度的进区率是99.16％。     

Observation on behavior of adult oriental white stork in nesting period

lntroductionTherearemanystudiesonOrientaIWhiteStorks.Thestudysubjectsincludepopulation,distribution,migration,ecology,historicstatusandconservation,captivepropagation,reproductivebioIogyandbe-haviors,etc.KyDkoArchibaIdandBernardSchmitt(1991)reportedthecomparisonbetWeentheorientaIWhiteStorkandtheEuropeanWhiteStork.TheyalsodescribedspeciaIbehaviorsofiIlCIattering"anddi-videdinto3styIes.ThesearethreatbiIIcIattering",courtshipbilIclattering"andcontactbilIclattering".TheyexpIainedthefem…     

Casein hydrolyzate intramammary treatment improves the comfort behavior of cows induced into dry-off

The effectiveness of casein hydrolyzate as mean to improve the welfare of cows induced into involution was tested in high yielding cows induced into dry-off by abrupt cessation of milking. Treatment with casein hydrolysate prevented build up of udder pressure in cows induced into dry off and was clearly associated with signs (lying behavior and step numbers) that they were calmer and more comfortable than cows induced into dry off by the conventional means. We conclude that treatment with casein hydrolyzate is a viable treatment tool that can prevent the suffering associated with drying-off of high-yielding modern dairy cows.     

我国农户家庭经营财务管理浅析

我国是农业大国,但由于经济起步较晚,农业发展相对落后,农民的受教育程度普遍较低,农户在从事家庭生产经营中难以运用科学的经济管理方式,尤其在财务管理方面。对农户家庭经营财务管理方面进行了简单分析,并提出了一些建设性意见。