5PZX-600型啤酒花清选机的结构设计与性能试验

介绍了5PZX-600型啤酒花清选机的结构设计、工作原理、主要参数的确定及样机试验结果,通过理论分析, 得出了花叶分离的条件,并结合试验结果对啤酒花清选机的各项性能指标建立了数学模型,确定了各参数的最优组合, 即:喂(?)量150．8 kg,主轴转速288 r／min,自然破碎率1．9％时,清洁率为99．1％,夹带损失率为3．18％,飞溅损失率为0．32％．     

饲喂啤酒花茎叶对绵羊瘤胃氮代谢的影响

测定表明,风干的啤酒花剪花后茎叶中粗蛋白质的含量为18.44％,高于蚕豆茎叶粗蛋白质的含量。用装有瘤胃瘘管的两只绵羊,在饲喂蚕豆茎叶和饲喂啤酒花茎叶的不同条件下,观测了瘤胃内pH、氨氮和蛋白质含量的白天动态变化。结果表明,无论在饲喂蚕豆茎叶期(Ⅰ期),还是在饲喂啤酒花茎叶期(Ⅱ期),绵羊瘤胃液中pH均呈碱性,在中午14时pH值最低。Ⅱ期的pH值低于Ⅰ期。瘤胃液中氨氮的含量Ⅱ期高于Ⅰ期;而蛋白质的含量Ⅰ期高于Ⅱ期。可以认为啤酒花剪花后茎叶是反刍动物的一种较好的越冬粗饲料。     

Phenology and impact of natural enemies associated with the hop looper (Hypena humuli) in Washington State,USA

The hop looper, Hypena humuli Harris (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is becoming an increasingly important pest of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) (Rosales: Cannabaceae) in western USA. Currently, control of this pest usually involves broad-spectrum pesticides that kill natural enemies and disrupt biological control of other hop pests. In order to develop better management strategies for H. humuli, field and laboratory studies were conducted over a four-year period to identify the pest's natural enemies and to investigate their phenologies and to assess their impact. Nine parasitoid species and assorted species of invertebrate predator were found to attack different life-stages of H. humuli. Levels of parasitism were consistently low throughout the study period and none of the parasitoids found was a specialist natural enemy of the pests. Exclusion cage studies showed, however, that the complex of natural enemies as a whole can significantly reduce larval densities of the pest, and laboratory studies confirmed successful predation of H. humuli larvae by several generalist predators including the European earwig (Forficula auricularia L.), the damsel bug Nabis alternatus Parshley and two species of the geocorid bug genus Geocoris.     

啤酒花“伊瑞卡”经济性状的研究初报

“伊瑞卡”株形小,侧蔓数量少,长势弱,极少产生二次枝;单株鲜花产量低,平均株产鲜花只有“青岛大花”的五分之一。但花体紧密,单花平均重达1.6克,比“青岛大花”单花平均重49.4％,蛇麻腺含量丰富,占萼片面积的45.6％,香味浓。鲜花自然含水量为72.72％,出干花率高。α—酸含量为10.3％,比“青岛大花”高26.2％。单花经济性状具有优良的丰产性。     

施用麦糟,酒花糟对番茄产量及品质影响的研究

本文研究了施用啤酒生产中的废弃物——麦糟、酒花糟对大棚番茄产量及品质的影响,结果表明:大棚番茄施用麦糟、酒花糟,能促进番茄的生长、发育、早熟和增加产量,提高经济效益。总产量与早期产量经方差分析,各处理与对照相比,均差异显著。施用麦糟、酒花糟对番茄品质的改善效果明显,果实中蔗糖和维生素C含量均有提高,而还原糖和有机酸含量降低。     

基于ADAMS啤酒花清选机振动分选装置的虚拟设计及仿真研究

基于ADAMS软件,提出了一种对啤酒花清选机振动分离装置进行虚拟设计的方法,建立了啤酒花清选机振动分选装置的模型,并进行了动态仿真分析.结果表明:振动板沿垂直方向的振幅逐渐减小,有利于花的滚落和叶片向上的抛离;振动板水平速度逐渐增大,有利于降低花的破损率以及提高叶片向前的抛离.在模型中添加了物料元及作用力,测试了物料元的运动轨迹、速度及加速度,结果表明该装置可分离酒花和叶片.     

Effect of hops β-acids (Humulus lupulus) on performance and intestinal health of broiler chickens

To evaluate a novel feed additive, hops β-acids, a pen trial using 1,440 one-day-old broiler chickens, in a randomized design with 6 treatments and 6 replicates of 40 birds/pen, was conducted. The experimental treatments were a negative control (NC) basal diet, a positive control (PC) basal diet supplemented with zinc 30 mg/kg of bacitracin, and 4 additional treatments consisting of the basal diet supplemented with 30, 60, 120, and 240 mg/kg of hops β-acids in a microencapsulated form. All birds were vaccinated against coccidiosis by eye drops. Productive performance, jejunum morphology, andClostridium spp. count in jejunum and cecum contents were evaluated. At 21 d of age, the birds fed the PC, 30, or 60 mg/kg of β-acids had the same weight gain of those fed the NC, whereas the highest level of β-acids decreased the gain. In addition, feed intake was decreased and FCR was improved in all treatments when compared with the NC. At 42 d, compared with the NC, the treatments containing 30 or 240 mg/kg of β-acids and the PC resulted in improved FCR. No differences were found for other performance variables. No difference was observed among the treatments on villus length, crypt depth, and villus-to-crypt ratio. Except for one sample, all others had negative results forClostridium spp. based on the methodology of sulphite reduction. In this study, we demonstrated positive effects of supplementation of hops β-acids on productive performance of broilers, and the best results were obtained with addition of 30 mg/kg.     

河西绿洲灌区啤酒花脱毒苗增产效应研究

为了建立健全啤酒花优质脱毒种苗栽培技术体系,提高啤酒花产量并改善其品质,以啤酒花脱毒苗和未脱毒苗为参试材料,设置5个对比试验区,观测并分析了啤酒花的生长性状、产量和品质。结果表明：啤酒花脱毒苗甲酸含量、鲜花产量、干花产量和贮藏指数都较对照分别提高14．52％、11．57％、10．81％和0．69％,具有#．36-的经济效益和推广价值。     

Incidence and inheritance of resistance to METI-acaricides in European strains of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

A strain of Tetranychus urticae (Koch; Acari: Tetranychidae), collected from hops (Humulus humuli L; Cannabaceae) in England with a short history of tebufenpyrad use, exhibited resistance to four METI (mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor)-acaricides; tebufenpyrad, pyridaben, fenazaquin and fenpyroximate. Resistance factors for these compounds in a microimmersion assay were 46, 346, 168 and 77 respectively, and corresponded to those exhibited by a Japanese METI-acaricide-resistant reference strain. Levels of resistance remained stable without further selection, and selection with tebufenpyrad did not increase them. The UK strain was also resistant (c 6-fold) to bifenthrin. Crosses of homozygous, diploid females with hemizygous, haploid males showed that, in the UK strain, METI-acaricide resistance was paternally and maternally inherited, and was an incompletely dominant trait. Another tebufenpyrad-resistant strain from the UK, originating from a chrysanthemum nursery (Chrysanthemum foeniculaceum Giseke; Asteraceae) was collected eight months later at a site c 210 km distant from the first. These are the first published incidences of METI-acaricide resistance in Europe and implications for the future use of these compounds are discussed.     

啤酒花筛选原理与实验研究

阐述了用振动筛分选啤酒花的基本原理,对筛上物运动学特性进行了分析,结合实验结果确定了提高啤酒花分选质量的相关参数,研究结果为啤酒花摘花机的设计提供了参考,在啤酒花的机械采收中有实用价值