Genetic characterization by fluorescent AFLP of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi strains isolated from different host species

The genetic diversity of 71 Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi strains isolated from different host species and from diverse geographical regions was determined by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (f-AFLP) analysis. The study was carried out using three different selective primer combinations. Strains of P. syringae pv. syringae , P. syringae pv. phaseolicola , P. syringae pv. glycinea , P. syringae pv. tagetis and P. amygdali were also included as outgroups. Based on cluster analysis of f-AFLP data, all P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi strains showed a high degree of similarity, grouping in a cluster and forming a taxon clearly separate from outgroup strains. AFLP analyses failed to support placing strains of P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi , P. syringae pv. phaseolicola and P. syringae pv. glycinea in the same species. Strains of P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi formed subclusters that correlated with the host species. Strains identified within these subclusters were related to the geographical region where the strains were isolated. Strains of P. savastanoi pv. savastanoi from olive were divided into two subclusters. Strains from oleander were differentiated from those from ash and were divided into two additional subclusters, distinct from olive strains. Three strains isolated from jasmine showed a high level of similarity among them but, at a lower Dice similarity coefficient, were linked to a subcluster including olive strains. Finally, two strains isolated from privet were similar to strains from olive and were included in the same subcluster.     

中国木犀科(Oleaceae)植物花粉形态研究及其系统演化的探讨(Ⅱ)—木犀族(Oleeae)和茉莉属(Jasminum)的花粉形态研究

应用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对我国木犀科54种植物的花粉形态进行了系统的观察研究。作者在已论述了4属25种植物花粉形态研究结果基础上,本文着重阐述木犀属(Osmanthus)、李榄属(Linociera)、木犀榄属(Olea)、流苏树属(chionanthus)、胶核木属(Myxopyrum)、女贞属(Ligustrum)、茉莉属(Jasminum)和夜花属(Nyctanthus)共29种植物花粉形态及其分类学意义。结果表明,3(拟)孔沟花粉是基本的、原始类型;4,5孔沟花粉是变异的、进化类型。在变异程度大、较进化的类群中,花粉性状具多样化发展趋势。本文同时讨论了李榄属与流苏树属的分并问题。     

4种木犀科修剪型树种的抗寒性研究

以长春市4种木犀科耐修剪型植物为试材,在进行低温胁迫处理后,测定了其叶片的细胞膜透性、可溶性糖、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量的变化。结果表明,随温度的降低,4种植物的相对电导率值均逐渐增加;脯氨酸则出现先升高后降低的趋势;丙二醛在-15℃之前呈升高趋势,但在-20℃时有所降低;雪柳的可溶性糖含量一直呈增加趋势,而其余3种植物在-15℃时出现降低趋势,后又逐渐上升。4种木犀科耐修剪型植物的抗寒性强弱依次为：雪柳〉小叶丁香〉水蜡〉连翘。     

枝孢属一新种——素馨枝孢

 报道木犀科(Oleaceae)上素馨枝孢新种Cladosporium jasmini sp.nov. 附拉丁文描述及线条图,标本保藏于云南农业大学真菌标本室（MHYAU）。     

Systemic spread of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi in olive explants

The manner in which the bacterium Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi ( Pss ), the causal agent of knot disease, infects olive plants is erratic and has not been fully documented. To investigate the process of Pss invasion, olive explants were inoculated in vitro and examined visually and by light microscopy at 2-weekly intervals for 10 weeks. In all host genotypes tested, interaction with the pathogen resulted in: (i) a progressive collapse of the stem, originating at the inoculation site at the apex of the explant, and proceeding downwards; and (ii), localized outgrowths on the stem located at various distances from the inoculation site. Histological analysis revealed that the anatomy of the outgrowths closely resembled that of knots formed in vivo ; they showed that Ps. savastanoi also diffused within the olive explants through the xylem vessels, and that the olive host reacted to pathogen invasion, possibly by producing substances of polysaccharidic and/or phenolic nature.     

3种酶液和H2O2处理对水曲体胚发生的影响

[目的]研究3种外源氧化酶液和H2O2处理对水曲柳体胚发生的影响。[方法]利用不同浓度多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)、葡萄糖氧化酶(glucose oxidase,GOD)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)溶液和过氧化氢(Hydrogen peroxide,H2O2)处理未成熟水曲柳合子胚子叶,探索不同处理对水曲柳体胚发生中子叶外植体生长、褐化以及体胚发生的影响,通过对比分析不同处理在水曲柳体胚发生中的作用,揭示水曲柳体胚发生中外植体褐化与体胚发生的关系。[结果]H2O2处理使水曲柳外植体褐化提前发生,且抑制了外植体的生长和体胚发生;不同浓度PPO处理促进外植体生长和褐化,并提高体胚发生率;GOD和SOD处理均提高外植体的褐化率;经过酶处理的外植体,当体胚发生提前时,各体胚发生率都很低,而当处理30 d的体胚诱导率与处理60 d的体胚诱导率相差较大时,其体胚发生率较高。[结论]该研究结果为提高水曲柳体胚诱导率、改善水曲柳体胚发生状况和优化水曲柳体胚发生系统奠定了基础。     

茉莉花瘿蚊天敌初步研究

报道了茉莉花瘿蚊天敌10种,分属3目5科。它们是结颊长盾金小蜂、狭腹长盾金小蜂、黑色长盾金小蜂、蓝绿长盾金小蜂、瘿蚊广腹细蜂,大草蛉、中华草蛉、龟蚊瓢虫、黑背毛瓢虫和黄色小蚂蚁。文中描述了5种寄生性天敌的形态和简单的生活习性。     

秦岭产北京丁香叶挥发物质气相色谱-质谱研究

[目的]研究北京丁香叶中的挥发油的化学成分。[方法]采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取丁香挥发油。运用GC-MS技术,结合计算机检索对具体化学成分进行分析和鉴定。用峰面积归一化法计算各个组分的相对含量。[结果]分离鉴定了其中48个化合物,占挥发油总量的85.6%。[结论]含量在3%以上组分有：苯甲醛（8.03%）、β-蒎烯（4.53%）、苯甲醇（22.92%）、苯乙醇（4.03%）、3-烯丙基-2-甲氧基酚（4.17%）。     

梣属(Fraxinus)植物果实的四种类型及其系统学意义

国内外重要的植物分类学与系统学文献均认为:木犀科和属(白蜡树属)植物只有2心皮的子房和果实。目前仅有2篇文献认为木犀科和属植物还具有3或3和4心皮的子房。作者在对属植物的果实进行研究时,发现属植物果实具有2心皮、3心皮、4心皮和6心皮4种类型,首次发现了属植物具有6心皮的果实。这一发现具有一定的系统学意义。     

浅析南京林业大学校园景观中木犀科植物的运用

在分析南京地区常见的木犀科植物类型和特点的基础上,以南京林业大学为例,阐述了木犀科植物在校园景观中的配置原则及在教学区、学生生活区、体育活动区等不同功能区的应用,以期为校园植物选择与配置提供参考。