皱胃内灌注挥发性脂肪酸盐对山羊血清胃泌素水平的影响

用３种挥发性脂肪酸（ＶＦＡ）盐溶液灌注皱胃，观察其对山羊血清胃泌素水平的影响。结果表明：１）向皱胃内灌注乙酸钠、丙酸钠和丁酸钠３种ＶＦＡ盐溶液后，皱胄液ｐＨ值升高，灌注前ｐＨ值为２．６２～２．９０，灌注后４５～６０ｍｉｎｐＨ值为４．６４～５．１８，灌注前后差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；２）向皱胃内灌注同样３种盐溶液后，血清胃泌素水平显著升高，灌注前分别为（１６０±２４．７１）ｎｇ·Ｌ￣（－１），（１８８±４６．６７）ｎｇ·Ｌ￣（－１）和（１８１±５８．２７）ｎｇ·Ｌ￣（－１）；灌注开始后４５～６０ｍｉｎ分别为（１８０±４６．６７）ｎｇ·Ｌ￣（－１），（２１９±５３．３３）ｎｇ·Ｌ￣（－１）和（２０７．７５±６２．４１）ｎｇ·Ｌ￣（－１）；灌注前后差异显著。说明瘤胃内容物中的挥发性脂肪酸（乙酸、丙酸和丁酸）进入皱胃后，在改变皱胃内容物ｐＨ值的同时，刺激皱胃窦部，引起血清胃泌素释放增加。     

高剂量铜对仔猪生长性能及血液生化指标的影响

108头体重为(15.8±1.34)kg杜长大仔猪按饲养试验要求分为2组,分别饲喂添加5mg/kg和250mg/kg的铜(CuSO4)的相同饲粮。试验预试7天,正试48天。饲养试验结束后,颈静脉采血制作血清,测定血清SUN等血清常规指标和GH、Gastrin等血清激素水平。试验结果表明:添加高铜使仔猪平均日增重提高13.04%(P<0.01),平均日采食量提高9.9%(P<0.01)。血清中GH、Gastrin浓度分别提高28.32%(P<0.01)、29.25%(P<0.01),皮质醇浓度降低了8.71%(P=0.14),IGF-1浓度有升高的趋势(P>0.05)。血清尿素N(SUN)浓度降低9.67%(P<0.05)。     

Distribution and ontogeny of gastrin- and serotonin-immunoreactive cells in the proventriculus of developing chick, Gallus gallus domestica

The ontogeny and distribution of gastrin- and serotonin-immunoreactive (IR) cell in the proventriculus of chicks (Gallus gallus domestica, n = 60) in different growth periods was examined immunohistochemically using antisera specific to gastrin and serotonin. Gastrin and serotonin-IR cells were detected in chick proventriculus. Gastrin-IR cells were first evident after 12 days of incubation in lamina epithelialis and compound glands, while serotonin-IR cells were observed only in compound glands at that same time. Gastrin-IR and serotonin-IR cells increased in frequency on incubation day 14 and 16, respectively. Towards the end of incubation, gastrin- and serotonin-IR cell numbers decreased. In adult chicken, both IR cells were present but not lower numbers. The observations demonstrate the presence of gastrin- and serotonin-IR cells in the proventriculus of developing chicks in temporally changing frequencies.     

睾酮对水牛血清胃泌素水平的影响

选用３头雄性中国海仔水牛,观察了去势及去势后注射睾酮对血清胃泌素水平的影响。结果去势后血清胃泌素水平明显下降（５０１．００±３７．２０ｖｓ,４３３．６±１０３．４ｐｇ／ｍｌ,Ｐ＜０．０５）,去势后水牛注射睾酮（２００μｇ／ｋｇＢＷ·ｄ,持续１２ｄ）血清胃泌素水平明显上升（４０８．１±６４．５ｖｓ,５１９．８±３４．４ｐｇ／ｍｌ,ｐ＜０．０５）。表明睾酮影响反刍动物胃泌素分泌。     

Quantitative relationships between suckling-induced teat stimulation and the release of prolactin,gastrin, somatostatin,insulin, glucagon and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in sows

The pituitary hormones prolactin and oxytocin play important roles in the production and ejection of milk. In addition, some gastrointestinal peptides are released in response to suckling. During suckling, the piglets massage the udder of the sow both before and after let-down and the duration of suckling is correlated to the amount of milk produced by the sow. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a quantitative relation between the release of prolactin, gastrin, somatostatin, insulin, glucagon and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and the amount of stimulation of the sow's teats by the piglets.Repeated blood samples were drawn from three Swedish Landrace sows during three consecutive nursings by each sow on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 after parturition. The duration of massage by the piglets was noted, as was the number of piglets massaging. Hormone levels were quantified by radioimmunoassay.The releases of prolactin, somatostatin, insulin, glucagon and VIP but not of gastrin were found to be significantly related to the amount of teat massage performed by the piglets during the first 2 weeks of lactation. The release was related to the duration of piglet massage or to the combined effect of duration and the number of piglets massaging but not to the number of piglets massaging per se. The basal level of prolactin was found to decrease during this time.     

胃泌素和胆囊收缩素及其受体氨基酸序列信息学比较分析

【目的】胃泌素(GAS)和胆囊收缩素(CCK)具有较多相似性,但两种激素与其受体(CCK-A和CCK-B)亲和力不同,研究利用生物信息学的方法,比对羊GAS和CCK及其受体氨基酸序列与其它动物序列的不同,为不同动物这两种多肽及其受体蛋白抗原设计和活性多肽筛选等提供参考。【方法】通过UniProt数据库检索各种动物GAS和CCK及其受体氨基酸序列进行比对,并进行全氨基酸序列进化树分析。【结果】除了鸡和鱼,其他动物GAS的C-端7个氨基酸完全相同;除了豚鼠外,CCK的C-端10个氨基酸序列完全相同;羊与牛的GAS-34及CCK-33氨基酸序列完全相同。羊与牛,大鼠与小鼠、狗与猫的CCK-A和CCK-B均分别在同一个分支上;从GAS和CCK及受体全氨基酸序列(包括信号肽和原肽)来看,禽类和鱼类序列同哺乳动物差距均较大;绵羊CCK-A与CCK-B氨基酸序列相似性仅为45.094%。【结论】GAS和CCK的C-端氨基酸序列在不同动物之间均具有高度的保守性,而N-端为变化区域。     

真胃左方变位对瘤胃VFAs及血清胃泌素的影响亮

为了研究真胃左方变位对奶牛的影响,将9只健康山羊随机分为3组,利用手术的方法制作真胃左方变位动物模型。采用气相色谱法测定瘤胃内容物挥发性脂肪酸(VFA s)含量,用放射免疫法测定血清胃泌素含量。结果表明:真胃变位可导致瘤胃内容物乙酸/丙酸的比率升高,变位越严重,其比率越高。随真胃变位时间的延长,血清胃泌素的含量逐渐增加,变位7 d后出现显著增加;胃泌素含量的增幅与真胃变位的程度有关,髋关节水平线处变位高于腹底部变位,真胃变位高于空白对照山羊。     

高剂量铜对仔猪生长性能的影响及作用机理探讨

10 8头杜长大仔猪 [体重为 (15 8± 1 34)kg]按饲养试验要求分为 2组 ,分别饲喂添加 5mg/kg和 2 5 0mg/kg铜 (CuSO4形式 )的相同饲粮 ,研究高剂量铜对仔猪生长性能的影响及其机理探讨。试验结果表明 :添加高铜使仔猪平均日增重提高了 13 0 4 % (P <0 0 1) ,平均日采食量提高 9 91% (P <0 0 1) ;饲料粗脂肪的表观消化率提高了10 0 1% (P <0 0 5 ) ;高铜使十二指肠内容物中淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性分别提高 15 6 6 % (P <0 0 5 )、12 5 3% (P <0 0 5 ) ,胰脏糜蛋白酶活性降低 11 6 9% (P <0 0 5 ) ;血清胃泌素浓度提高 2 9 2 5 % (P <0 0 1) ;血清SOD活性提高了 36 94 % (P <0 0 1)。     

皱胃和静脉内输注氨基酸对山羊血清胃泌素水平的影响

研究了皱胃和静脉内输注氨基酸对山羊血清胃泌素水平的影响。试验分为２个系列，系列Ｉ皱胃内输注，结果为输注的８种Ｌ型氨基酸及混合氨基酸与生理盐水相比，其中只有苯丙氨差异脯氨酸引起山羊血清胃泌素水平显升高，其输注前水平分别为（＊１３８．４８±１５．０１）ｎｇ．Ｌ＾－１和（９７．１３±２０．９８）ｎｇ．Ｌ＾－１，输注后水平分别为（１８６．７９±７．４８）ｎｇ．Ｌ＾－１（１２８．０５±１７．００）ｎｇ．Ｌ