The effect of aqueous extract of gross and commercial yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) on intra-abdominal and epididymal fat and glucose levels in male Wistar rats

This study analyzed the plasma lipid profile, glucose levels and fat deposits in male rats treated with aqueous extract of gross yerba mate, commercial yerba mate or water. Yerba mate treatment did not change body weight gain and lipid profile. The consumption of gross yerba mate significantly increased blood glucose (6.6 mmol/L) as compared to the water (4.8 mmol/L) and commercial group (5.2 mmol/L) and decreased epididymal and intra-abdominal deposits (10.1 mg/g and 23.7 mg/g of weight) as compared to the water (15.4 mg/g and 36.9 mg/g of weight) and commercial group (12.5 mg/g and 28 mg/g of weight). The results suggest that gross yerba mate reduces fat more efficiently but produces a greater increase in blood glucose when compared to commercial yerba mate and water groups.     

Different susceptibility to fatty liver-haemorrhagic syndrome in young and older layers and the interaction on blood LDL-C levels between oestradiols and high energy-low protein diets

1. The objective of the study was to investigate the susceptibility of young and older laying hens to fatty liver-haemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) and to evaluate the reliability of different blood lipid fractions for predicting or diagnosing FLHS.

2. Forty young hens and 40 older hens were caged individually. Each group of hens was randomly allotted to four treatments for 21 days: either a control, an oestradiol group, a high energy-low protein diet (HELPD) group or a HELPD + oestradiol group. Blood levels of oestradiol, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), liver total lipids, hepatic haemorrhagic scores and productive performance were assessed.

3. In older hens, β-oestradiol increased (P < 0.05) liver total lipids, hepatic haemorrhagic scores and the incidence of FLHS but reduced (P < 0.05) productive performance; however, such changes were not observed in young hens.

4. In two groups of hens, serum TG, CHOL and HDL-C levels were increased (P < 0.001) by β-oestradiol. Hens with FLHS had higher serum TG, CHOL and HDL-C (P < 0.001) than non-FLHS birds in the older layer group of hens.

5. An interaction (β-oestradiol × HELPD) (P < 0.05) for LDL-C levels was observed in both groups of hens. In young hens, β-oestradiol induced a decrease (P = 0.004) in serum LDL-C levels but the effect was attenuated by HELPD. In older hens, HELPD caused an increase (P = 0.02) in serum LDL-C although the effect depended on the presence of β-oestradiol.

6. In conclusion, older layers were more susceptible to FLHS than young layers after oestradiol treatment. Blood TG, CHOL and HDL-C rather than LDL-C levels can be used as a prediction tool for the overall susceptibility to FLHS in older rather than young layers. There were interactions between oestradiol and HELPD on blood LDL-C levels in laying hens.     

Hypocholesterolemic effect of germinated fenugreek seeds in human subjects

The effect of consumption of germinated fenugreek seed powder at two different levels, i.e., 12.5 g and 18.0 g on the blood lipid profiles of twenty hypocholesterolemic adults of both sexes in the age range of 50–65 years was studied. The subjects were divided into two groups, i.e., Group I and Group II who were asked to incorporate the powder into any dish of their choice at the rates of one packet per day containing 12.5 g and 18.0 g of the germinated powder, respectively, for a period of one month. Fasting blood was drawn intravenously one day before and at the end of 30 days feeding trials. The findings revealed that germination had brought distinct changes in soluble fiber content of the seeds. Consumption of the seed at both the levels resulted in a hypocholesterolemic effect. Between the two levels, higher levels of consumption, i.e., 18.0 g of the germinated seed resulted in a significant reduction in total cholesterol and LDL levels. No significant changes were found in HDL, VLDL and triglyceride levels in all the subjects.     

自拟中药方对家兔降血脂作用的研究

试验通过饲喂高脂饲料创建家兔高脂模型,配以山楂、马齿苋、甘草为降脂基础配方,分别加以权枝鸦葱等、镰叶碱蓬等、泽泻及芹菜组成配方1、配方2、配方3,通过测量总胆固醇（CHO）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）等5个指标,经过28d的治疗,结果表明：3个配方均有降血脂作用,但配方1效果作用最好.     

The oxidative modification of high density lipoprotein and atherosclerosis

The reduced level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma is a strong predictor of atherosclerotic vascular disease risk. However, like low-density lipoprotein (LDL), HDL is readily oxidized by a variety of oxidants in vitro. This review briefly discussed about the susceptibility of HDL to oxidation, the site and physiologic oxidants of HDL oxidation in vivo, structural change in oxidized HDL, as well as the influence of different changes in structure of oxidized HDL on the protective function of HDL against atherosclerosis.     

基于SOPC的VGA IP核设计

随着高速图像处理技术的发展,VGA控制器知识产权(Intellectual Property,IP)核已成为片上系统(System-on-Chip,SoC)芯片中的一个重要部件.文章介绍了一种使用Verilog HDL硬件语言并利用片上可编程系统(System-On-a-Programmable-Chip,SOPC)技术实现了VGA控制器IP核设计,并对该设计方案进行了测试和验证.     

Intelligent Sound Broadcast System of Bus Based on CPLD

The traditional sound broadcast system of bus makes use of MPU. It's shortcoming is have lower dependability, at the same time the maintenance and upgrade is difficult. In order to solve these problems, an intelligent sound broadcast system of bus makes use of Complex Programmable Logic Device(CPLD) and sound chip ISD2560 is introduced, and the principle of design is analysed. Because of the ability of In System Programmability of CPLD's JTAG, and take full advantage of the resource in CPLD, this system have no use for MPU. So, the hard circuit of this system is simple, and the system is easy to debug, upgrade and has very high dependability and better practicability.     

用波形对线性分组码编码和译码的研究

为了在通讯时能安全和可靠地进行数据的发送和接收，应该对数据进行编码和译码，论文用Verylog HDL硬件描述语言对线性分组码的编码和译码进行了波形仿真研究，并且得到了几点结论。