不同温度对小鼠能量代谢的影响

为了探讨不同温度条件下小鼠的代谢产热,采用封闭式流体压力呼吸仪测定了小鼠在-4~40℃范围内的能量代谢特征.试验显示:小鼠的代谢特征为代谢水平较高,有较高的基础代谢率(BMR)、较宽的热中性区(TNZ)和较低的热中死温度,这些特征与该物种夜行性、喜黑暗、昼伏夜出、穴居等生活习性密切相关,这些特征限制了鼠类在极端寒冷和高温干旱的环境中分布和生存,为探索鼠类的分布范围提供了依据.同时TNZ的确定可为哺乳动物的养殖建立合理的外界环境温度.     

低温锻炼对胡杨愈伤组织抗寒性、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量及抗氧化酶活性的影响

胡杨(Populus euphratica)是唯一能在中国西北部半干旱地区存活和形成森林的高大乔木树种,对干旱、盐碱、低温等逆境有较强的耐受力。本研究以胡杨愈伤组织作为材料,检测了胡杨愈伤组织在低温锻炼过程中抗寒性、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量以及SOD、CAT、POD活性的变化。结果显示低温锻炼(2℃)不仅提高了胡杨愈伤组织的抗寒性及脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白的含量,且增强了SOD、CAT等抗氧化酶的活性。     

脱锻炼期间金叶女贞对冷冻温度与持续时间的响应

以1 a 生金叶女贞苗木为研究材料,通过设置不同的低温水平,维持不同的冷冻时间模拟自然界突发的降温环境,测定其成活率、生长量等指标.结果表明:保定地区温度降至-2～0℃时,不需要对金叶女贞进行防寒措施便可安全度过霜期;但降到-6℃则需要采取必要的保护措施.     

桑尺蠖越冬幼虫的耐寒性研究

研究了桑尺蠖越冬幼虫的耐寒能力 ,测定了虫体内抗寒物质的组成成分 ,并对其耐寒机理作了初步探讨。结果表明 :越冬幼虫从越冬初期至越冬滞育期 ,4龄幼虫的平均过冷却点从初期的-1 7 2℃下降至滞育期的 -2 4 4℃ ;5龄幼虫的平均过冷却点从 -1 3 4℃下降至 -2 4 8℃。越冬幼虫体内水分、糖元、脂肪含量下降 ,其中以糖元含量下降明显 ;越冬幼虫以“小分子糖—氨基酸—糖蛋白”物质系统形成抗寒基质 ,增强耐寒性。     

Effect of set-size and storage temperature on bolting,bulbing and seed yield in two onion cultivars

The effects of three set-sizes (12.5, 17.5 and 22.5 mm in diameter) and seven storage temperatures (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) on bolting, bulbing and seed yield in two onion (Allium cepa L.) cultivars ‘Hygro’ and ‘Delta’ were investigated. The incidence of bolting increased linearly with set-size and curvi-linearly with decreasing storage temperature. Time to inflorescence emergence and floret opening showed a curvi-linear response to storage temperature with the earliest inflorescence emergence and floret opening occurring at 5 °C and the latest at 30 °C for ‘Hygro’ and at 25 °C for ‘Delta’. Seed yield per umbel also showed a curvi-linear response to storage temperature with the lowest seed yield occurring at 30 °C for ‘Hygro’ and at 25 °C for ‘Delta’ and the highest seed yield at 5 °C. For a seed crop, storage of large sets (22.5 mm) of these cultivars at 5 °C for 120 days appeared to be optimum with 5–12% higher seed yield per umbel than that of 90 days storage. Bulb yield showed a curvi-linear response to storage temperature with the highest bulb yield occurring at 25 °C and the lowest at 5 °C.     

黔东南凝冻气候变化特征及灾害指数评估分析

使用1961～2008年1～2月黔东南地区16个地面气象观测资料,对黔东南凝冻时空分布和凝冻灾害指数进行诊断分析。采用层次和回归方法对凝冻灾害指数进行了定量评估分析结果表明,黔东南特重级凝冻灾害有2年,重级凝冻灾害主要分布在西部的丹寨、麻江、凯里、黄平和东部的三穗、黎平、锦屏;2008年黔东南有4个重级凝冻灾害区域,为东北部、东部、南部的月亮山附近、西部苗岭山区等区域。     

Macro and Micro Mineral Levels in the Tissues of Menhaden Fish

Various tissues of menhaden fish were analyzed for macro and micro minerals. Tissues selected were gill, heart, intestine, kidney, liver, muscle, spleen, and stomach. Phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sodium, manganese, and zinc were found to be most concentrated in the gill. Potassium, iron, and boron were least concentrated in the gill. Liver contained the highest concentration of copper, selenium and boron. The stomach was the highest in potassium and lowest in phosphorus. Sodium and selenium concentrations were lowest in the muscle. Mercury concentrations were approximately 2 mg/g dry matter in all tissues     

狗牙根新品种抗寒性评价及生理基础的研究

对冻害胁迫下新农一号狗牙根、喀什狗牙根、矮生天堂草的抗寒能力研究结果表明经除雪,在乌鲁木齐-25.6℃下新农一号狗牙根、喀什狗牙根能安全越冬,矮生天堂草则不能越冬;细胞电解质渗透率能够很好的反映出品种间抗寒能力的差异,可作为衡量狗牙根耐寒能力的有效生理指标;SOD、POD酶活性及其持续时间的长短可能与狗牙根的抗寒能力有一定的正相关性;聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳发现,新农一号狗牙根的POD同工酶谱带数多于其他两个品种,且冻害适应中未有新的同工酶谱带出现;与茎、叶相比,根茎更能反映出品种间抗寒能力的差异程度且更耐寒.