Development of a core set of KASP markers for assaying genetic diversity in Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis Makino

Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are rapid, economical and reliable genotyping tools. Non‐heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis Makino) is now an economically important vegetable crop worldwide. In this study, 1,167 SNPs were evaluated for 7polymorphism among 70 representative non‐heading Chinese cabbage inbred lines using a Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) genotyping assay. On the basis of identified polymorphisms and the results of a principal component analysis, we selected 50 core SNPs that were balanced sufficiently to provide adequate information for genetic identification. The core SNPs were used for construction of a neighbour‐joining dendrogram that separated the 70 inbred lines into four main groups and several subgroups corresponding to Caixin, Heiyebaicai, Huangxinwu, Naibaicai, Taitsai, Pak‐choi, and Wutatsai. This categorization was superior to that achieved using a dataset of 479 polymorphic SNPs. To confirm the utility of the core SNP markers in genetic identification, we tested their stability and resolution using 162 commercial hybrid cultivars. The SNPs, which represent a cost‐effective, accurate marker set for germplasm analysis and cultivar identification, are suitable for molecular marker‐assisted breeding in non‐heading Chinese cabbage.     

Revisiting rice breeding methods – evaluating the use of rapid generation advance (RGA) for routine rice breeding

Rice production needs to increase in the future in order to meet increasing demands. The development of new improved and higher yielding varieties more quickly will be needed to meet this demand. However, most rice breeding programmes in the world have not changed in several decades. In this article, we revisit the evidence in favour of using rapid generation advance (RGA) as a routine breeding method. We describe preliminary activities at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) to re-establish RGA on a large scale as the main breeding method for irrigated rice breeding. We also describe experiences from the early adoption at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute. Evaluation of RGA breeding lines at IRRI for yield, flowering time and plant height indicated transgressive segregation for all traits. Some RGA lines were also higher yielding than the check varieties. The cost advantages of using RGA compared to the pedigree method were also empirically determined by performing an economic analysis. This indicated that RGA is several times more cost effective and advantages will be realized after 1 year even if facilities need to be built. Based on our experience, and previous independent research empirically testing the RGA method in rice, we recommend that this method should be implemented for routine rice breeding in order to improve breeding efficiency.     

切屑卷曲的力学分析及其应用

在试验和理论分析的基础上，本文提出了复合卷曲的切屑比向上卷曲的切屑、当侧卷程度较大时比例向卷曲的切屑易于折断的观点，并且讨论了切屑产生复合卷曲及侧向卷曲的条件，这些对断屑槽的设计和使用有重要意义。     

基于Hough变换识别单周期正弦曲线图像的算法及实现

手工识别成像测井中的裂缝具有一定的主观性，不同的人可能会有不同的解释结果．作者介绍利用Hough变换自动识别裂缝的原理及其算法，并通过实例分析了其应用效果，结果表明，这种算法计算裂缝参数不仅精度可靠，还保证了裂缝参数拾取的唯一性，对实现井壁裂缝参数的完全自动解释有重要意义．     

标准差在单粒播种机试验中的应用

单粒播种机试验方法中的标准差与众不同,有很多专业特点,研究它利于提高试验水平,进而利于产品质量的提高。为此,探讨了标准差在单粒播种机试验中的应用。     

Quantitative capillary reversed passive latex agglutination test for C-reactive protein (CRP) in the dog

A capillary reversed passive latex agglutination test (capillary RPLA) was developed which allows quantification of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) within approximately 15 min. The logarithmic regression line (calibration curve) obtained after measuring each CRP concentration three times in twofold dilutions of a standard canine serum containing 222 g/ml of CRP was y=6.394+0.030x (r=0.995). Capillary RPLA permitted quantification of CRP in the range 6.9–222 g/ml. The coefficients of variation ranged from 10.28% to 12.40%. The recovery rates (percentage recovery) of CRP by capillary RPLA were within the range 87% to 106%. On measuring the CRP concentrations in sera from 78 dogs by capillary RPLA, single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), close correlations were demonstrated between SRID and capillary RPLA (y=7.250+1.109x, r=0.978), between SRID and ELISA (y=3.042+1.059x, r=0.967), and between capillary RPLA and ELISA (y=1.778+0.929x, r=0.962). Capillary RPLA may be considered useful as a routine biochemical technique for measurement of serum CRP concentration in the dog.Abbreviations CRP C-reactive protein - ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay - RPLA reversed passive latex agglutination test - SRID single radial immunodiffusion     

小水电科技发展领域的系统分析

该文用层次分析法(AHP)和德尔菲法(Delphi)相结合的系统分析法,对江西省上饶地区小水电科技发展领域分析模型作了探索,提出了小水电科技发展领域的优先度及重点,为“八五”、“九五”小水电科技规划的制定提供了依据,同时也为水利水电同行在科技规划中提供一点参考。     

黑木耳烘干控制系统的研究

黑木耳烘干控制系统，采用压缩式热泵，AT89C51单片机、SHT75型温湿度传感器、加热器等组成温湿度控制电路。控制干燥室内的温湿度，完成对干燥室内的黑木耳进行低温、高效率的去湿干燥。     

马铃薯渣酶法水解液制备单细胞蛋白饲料的研究

本文研究了酶法水解马铃薯渣制备膳食纤维后的滤液制备单细胞蛋白的可行性。试验结果表明,单细胞蛋白边糖化边发酵的摇瓶培养的较优工艺条件为:底物浓度为8%(添加8%的麸皮水)、初始pH值为4.5、接种量为15%、葡萄糖淀粉酶加入量为100U/g(原料中淀粉)、青霉素加入量为80U/g(原料)、培养温度为28℃、培养时间为6h、转速为250r/min。在此条件下,干酵母产量最高为19.920g/L,单细胞蛋白中的蛋白质含量达12.27%。     

酵母蛋白饲料培养条件的研究

对啤酒酵母进行发酵试验,结果表明:该酵母最优的培养条件是麦芽汁培养基稀释倍数2.5,培养时间20h,蔗糖添加量10Brix,尿素添加量0.02%,且酵母菌耐酸耐铜的性能好。