横流中三维线源型倾斜正浮力射流近区特性的数值研究

利用混合有限分析法及交错网格的思想,对横流中有限长线源型倾斜正浮力射流进行了数值计算,成功模拟了端涡现象及其发展过程,得出了产生端涡现象的界限值,还给出了射流横断面上温度最大值偏离对称平面的偏离值与流速比的关系式。数值结果清晰地显示浮射流背流面存在马蹄形的流动结构。     

不同张纲连接系统对碟形网箱浮环安全性能影响的分析

以碟形网箱浮环上的法兰所承受的剪应力来衡量浮环的安全性能。指出了法兰最危险的受剪情况,通过对网箱的力学分析和计算,分别得出单张纲和双张纲连接系统中法兰所受剪应力的理论计算公式。对目前应用的12边形碟形网箱进行了计算,得出法兰两端面所受剪应力在单张纲连接系统中同为5.74×107N/m2,在双张纲连接系统中(γ=45°)则分别为4.82×107N/m2和7.50×106N/m2,相比单张纲连接系统减小了16%和87%,从而说明了双张纲连接方式的优点。讨论结果表明,在双张纲连接系统中,12边形碟形网箱的γ应在0°-60°间选择为宜,且当γ=26°时,浮环的安全性能达到最佳。建议将常用的单张纲连接系统改进为双张纲式,以提高网箱的抗风浪性能。     

Purification of white spot syndrome virus by iodixanol density gradient centrifugation

Up to now, only a few brief procedures for purifying white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) have been described. They were mainly based on sucrose, NaBr and CsCl density gradient centrifugation. This work describes for the first time the purification of WSSV through iodixanol density gradients, using virus isolated from infected tissues and haemolymph of Penaeus vannamei (Boone). The purification from tissues included a concentration step by centrifugation (2.5 h at 60 000  g ) onto a 50% iodixanol cushion and a purification step by centrifugation (3 h at 80 000  g ) through a discontinuous iodixanol gradient (phosphate‐buffered saline, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). The purification from infected haemolymph enclosed a dialysis step with a membrane of 1 000 kDa (18 h) and a purification step through the earlier iodixanol gradient. The gradients were collected in fractions and analysed. The number of particles, infectivity titre (in vivo), total protein and viral protein content were evaluated. The purification from infected tissues gave WSSV suspensions with a very high infectivity and an acceptable purity, while virus purified from haemolymph had a high infectivity and a very high purity. Additionally, it was observed that WSSV has an unusually low buoyant density and that it is very sensitive to high external pressures.     

不同张纲连接系统对碟形网箱浮环安全性能影响的分析

以碟形网箱浮环上的法兰所承受的剪应力来衡量浮环的安全性能。指出了法兰最危险的受剪情况,通过对网箱的力学分析和计算,分别得出单张纲和双张纲连接系统中法兰所受剪应力的理论计算公式。对目前应用的12边形碟形网箱进行了计算,得出法兰两端面所受剪应力在单张纲连接系统中同为5.74×107N/m2,在双张纲连接系统中(γ=45°)则分别为4.82×107N/m2和7.50×106N/m2,相比单张纲连接系统减小了16%和87%,从而说明了双张纲连接方式的优点。讨论结果表明,在双张纲连接系统中,12边形碟形网箱的γ应在0°-60°间选择为宜,且当γ=26°时,浮环的安全性能达到最佳。建议将常用的单张纲连接系统改进为双张纲式,以提高网箱的抗风浪性能。