钴—60辐照对石花菜琼胶质量影响

用钴—60辐照处理琼胶成品和干制石花菜。经钴—60辐照的琼胶成品,其凝胶强度均有所下降,其下降率与辐照剂量大小呈正比。石花菜经钴—60辐照后,可使琼胶提取率提高,但过高的辐照剂量,也同时会降低所制取琼胶的凝胶强度。通过适宜剂量的钴60—辐照处理干制石花菜,可提高琼胶提取率3％～5％,且制取的琼胶凝胶强度不受辐照的影响。     

辐射诱变技术在农业育种中的应用与探析

辐射诱变育种是在人工控制的条件下,利用中子、质子或者射线等物理辐射诱变因素对种子进行辐照,诱发其染色体的数量、结构和行为变异,从而得到可供利用的突变体,并在此基础上进一步培育出新的种质资源的一种新兴的育种技术。本文以水稻、小麦、大豆、花卉和林木等材料所做的辐照试验为依托,综述了国内外在辐射诱变育种方面所取得的成就,分析了该技术的作用机理、特点、优势、适用范围及其发展历程,并对其发展方向和应用前景做出了展望。其主旨在于提高人们对辐射诱变育种技术在农业生产中应用的价值、意义及其前景的认识,并为该技术的进一步发展和应用提供参考与借鉴,以期促进现代化物理农业工程的发展和应用,提高人民的生活水平与质量。     

60Co-γ射线辐照处理对天竺葵、观赏椒种子发芽率及幼苗的影响

用60Co-γ射线辐照处理天竺葵、观赏椒种子,观察其发芽率和幼苗生长情况.结果表明:γ射线辐射对这2种观赏植物的发芽率和幼苗生长发育具有不同的影响.对天竺葵的发芽率有促进作用,但抑制幼苗生长;对观赏椒发芽率作用不显著,对幼苗前期生长有抑制作用.     

真空平板玻璃传热理论分析及试验

利用辐射-导热耦合模式分析真空平板玻璃的传热途径,通过传热量和传热系数的计算模型,建立真空玻璃的传热控制方程,计算出真空玻璃结构沿高度方向的温度分布和热流通量,并用试验验证了理论计算结果正确性。试验结果表明,真空玻璃传热系数与真空压强成正比,真空度决定真空玻璃绝热性能;真空玻璃外面镀低辐射膜隔绝了较多的辐射热交换,其效果比内面镀膜好。     

Modelling carbon dynamics in mixed grass–red clover swards

Growth and carbon dynamics in mixed grass–red clover leys were simulated using a growth model for pure stands based on radiation use, allocation within plant and loss of biomass. The model and its parameter values were taken from previous applications of the model to pure swards of grass and red clover grown in the same experiment at the same sites and years.     

辐射诱变新桑品种川799的育成

用辐射与杂交育成新桑品种川799,其树型紧凑,枝条粗壮、直立,生长旺盛,易采摘,平均年667m2桑园产叶1551.53kg,比对照荷叶白高11.64%,万蚕产茧量和万蚕产茧层量分别比对照高6.84%和7.88%,5龄50kg桑产茧量比对照高9.45%,667m2桑园产茧量和茧层量分别比对照高16.18%和17.83%。秋叶硬化迟,属晚生桑品种。     

Insulin like growth factor-1 protects c17.2 neural stem cells against radiation-induced injury

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) against radiation-induced injury in c17.2 neural stem cells.METHODS:c17.2 neural stem cells were cultured in vitro and identified by nestin immunohistochemistry and X-gal staining.The IGF-1 adenoviral vector was transfected into c17.2 neural stem cells.The expression of IGF-1 was detected by IGF-1 immunohistochemistry.Necrosis and apoptosis of c17.2 neural stem cells were induced by radiation at doses of 4 Gy,6 Gy and were detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL test.The effect of IGF transfection on the degree of necrosis and apoptosis in these cells was also observed.RESULTS:c17.2 cells were identified by nestin and X-gal staining.Immunohistochemistry verified the expression of IGF-1 in the c17.2 neural stem cells transfected with adenoviral vector.At the same doses of radiation,the rates of apoptosis and necrosis in c17.2 neural stem cells transfected with IGF-1 were lower than those in the cells without IGF-1 adenoviral vector transfection.CONCLUSION:The rate of necrosis and apoptosis of c17.2 neural stem cells induced by radiation is decreased by transfection of IGF-1 adenoviral vector.IGF-1 shows a protective effect on c17.2 cells.     

民勤绿洲荒漠过渡区辐射特征与热量平衡规律研究

根据巴丹吉林沙漠与腾格里沙漠交汇处的民勤绿洲荒漠过渡区的长期连续实测资料 ,分析了该地区的辐射特征 ,研究了热量平衡各分量的变化特征及热量平衡规律。在绿洲荒漠过渡区 ,其太阳辐射、净辐射和反射辐射具有明显的日进程和季节变化规律 ;太阳辐射月总量最大值 (12 0 2 3 3kW·m- 2 )出现在 8月份 ,最小值(5 2 0 6 5kW·m- 2 )出现在 11月份 ;流动沙丘表面的反射率高于有植被覆盖的红柳和白刺灌丛沙丘表面的反射率 ,在植被生长季节更为明显 ,反射率日最大值分别为流动沙丘 (37 5 % ) >白刺沙丘 (2 9 7% ) >红柳沙丘 (2 7 9% ) ;流动沙丘表面接受的净辐射是植被覆盖区的 5 0 %～ 70 %左右。在绿洲荒漠过渡区生态系统的热量平衡中 ,占比例最大的是潜热通量 ,其次为感热通量和土壤热通量。随着荒漠化程度的加深 ,生态系统反射率增加 ,净辐射减少 ,而且热量平衡中感热通量和土壤热通量所占比例增加 ,而潜热通量比例减小。